中風個案與家屬對職能治療之認識程度初探

A Preliminary Investigation of Stroke Patients' and Families' Level of Knowledge of Occupational Therapy

吳姿誼(Zi-I Wu) ； 黃怡靜(Yi-Jing Huang) ； 陳怡妙(Yi-Miau Chen) ； 陳美香(Mei-Hsiang Chen) ； 侯孟真(Meng-Jen Houb) ； 謝清麟(Ching-Lin Hsieh)

《職能治療學會雜誌》 30卷1期 (2012/06) Pp. 34-52

https://doi.org/10.6594/JTOTA.2012.30(1).02

摘要

職能治療知識（occupational therapy knowledge, OTK）為與職能治療(occupational therapy, OT)相關且對個案與家屬重要的知識。OTK不足可能使個案與家屬誤解OT，降低治療順從度與OT效能。然而目前無法確定中風個案與家屬的OTK程度與影響因子。本研究之主要目的為探討中風個案與家屬之OTK程度及影響因子。次要目的為探討中風個案與家屬所需之OTK內容及偏好之資訊傳遞方式。參與者為接受OT的中風個案或家屬，且接受二次OTK問卷訪問（第一次為問答題，結果代表OTK之低估值。第二次為提供選項之多選題，分數代表OTK之高估值），可能得分範圍皆為0-13分。其次，比較不同人口學特性之受訪者二次訪談之平均是否有顯著差異，並計算受訪者年齡、個案中風後時間與OTK程度的相關程度。最後，將受訪者所需之OTK內容與偏好之資訊傳遞方式的選項加權排序。51位受訪者（29位個案）二次訪問之平均OTK分數為6.8分。受訪者的OTK程度僅與其身份（個案或家屬）有顯著關聯（p＝.025）。受訪者自覺最需要之OTK為OT治療目標，最偏好之資訊傳遞方式為一對一口頭說明。本研究發現中風個案與家屬之OTK程度普遍偏低，而且與教育程度及接受OT的時間長短無關。未來宜以一對一口頭說明的方式加強說明治療目標，以期提高個案及家屬之OTK程度，進而提升治療順從度與OT效能。

關鍵字

職能治療知識 ； 中風 ； 問卷 ； 順從度

並列摘要

Occupational therapy knowledge (OTK) is knowledge about occupational therapy (OT), and is important to patients and their families. A lack of OTK may decrease patients and families' compliance to OT and OT's efficacy. This study was designed to investigate both stroke patients' and their families' OTK levels, and what affected those levels. We also investigated the OTK domains where they needed more OTK knowledge, and the preferable ways to deliver OTK. Participants were interviewed twice to get the upper and lower bounds of OTK levels. The first interviews were in the form of a short-answer questionnaire, and the second interviews, a multiple-choice questionnaire (score range 0-13). We examined association between OTK levels of participants and demographic characteristics. Finally, we summed up the ranks of needed OTK domains and preferred ways for delivery. Fifty one participants (29 patients) participated in this study with a mean OTK score, 6.8, of both interviews. We found that OTK levels only significantly differed from patient or family (p=.025), but not significantly differed in terms of participants' educational levels, length of time receiving OT intervention, and age. Participants reported a need to know the treatment goals of OT and a preference for one-to-one explanation. We found that the stroke clients' and their families' OTK levels generally tended to be low, and were related to neither educational levels, nor length of time they had been receiving OT. Explaining OT treatment goals to clients and their families in one-to-one fashion is recommended.

並列關鍵字

Occupational therapy knowledge ； Stroke ； Questionnaire ； Compliance