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  • 期刊

老年人之生理功能變化

Physiological Changes in the Elderly

摘要


本文是一篇綜合評論性的文章,討論的重點包括老化的理論基礎,以及老年人神經、肌肉骨骼、心肺系統的構造與功能的改變。老化的理論,主要是包括基因與非基因的控制。神經系統的老化,以中樞神經系統的衰退,最為明顯,周邊神經較不受影響。常見的症狀,包括記憶力減退,學習能力降低,平衡能力變差及動作遲緩等。肌肉骨骼系統的改變,例如肌肉萎縮、肌肉纖維化、與骨質疏鬆,導至老年人肌力減少,關節活動度降低與容易骨折的現象。至於心肺系統功能的衰減,以儲備能力(reserve)的降低最為明顯,常是運動能力受限制的主因。以上資料,提供臨床物理治療訓練或指導老年人運動的參考。

關鍵字

老化 老年人

並列摘要


The major issues in this review paper include the theories of aging, and the structure and physiological changes of nervous system, musculoskeletal system and cardiovascular system in the elderly. The theories of aging include genetic and nongenetic control. The major deteorations of the nervous system in the elderly is in the central nervous system, not peripheral. The common symptoms include the impaiment of memory, learning, balance and movement etc. The major causes of musele weakness and bone fracture in the elderly is the changes of musculoskeletal system, such as muscle atrophy, fibrosis and osteoporosis. In terms of exercise capacity, the deterioration of the cardiopulmonary functions becomes the major limiting factor to exercise in the old person. Therefore, those in- formations provide the guideline for exercise training in geriatrics.

並列關鍵字

Aging Elderly

被引用紀錄


郭書容、陳姿穎、邱惠鈴(2023)。手機認知訓練應用程式對改善高齡者認知及執行功能之成效探討新臺北護理期刊25(2),8-20。https://doi.org/10.6540/NTJN.202309_25(2).0002
黃佩佳(2012)。核心肌群訓練對中老年人功能性體適能與平衡能力之影響〔碩士論文,國立中正大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0033-2110201613521977
陳慧貞(2013)。環狀運動訓練對中老年人功能性體適能之影響〔碩士論文,國立中正大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0033-2110201613551186
謝佩岑(2016)。以交叉延宕分析探討中高齡者收入與健康之關係〔碩士論文,國立中正大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0033-2110201614044266

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