慢性病患者所承受的衝擊與因應行爲

Impacts on and Coping Behaviors of Patients with Chronic Illness

胡月娟(Y.J. Hwu)

《護理研究》 2卷2期 (1994/06) Pp. 140-152

https://doi.org/10.7081/NR.199406.0140

摘要

爲瞭解慢性病患者所承受的衝擊與因應行 ，採方便取樣對161位慢性病患者，以經過項目分析、建構效度與信度檢定的「慢性病衝擊量表」，及經過因素分析與信度檢定的「因應行爲量表」等結構式問卷進行訪談。
慢性病患者所承受的衝擊，以身體層面最大，其次依序爲心理、社會與日常活動層面。病人最感困擾的是精力不足易疲倦、手腳常有發麻或酸痛、局部或全身疼痛、及感覺被過度限制。
慢性病患者較常用的因應行爲是：遵循醫療計劃、學習與罹病所加諸己身的限制共存、積極處理疾病所引發的各種症狀與不適。經因素分析將因應行爲分成三個因素：情緒調整尋求支術、面對疾病採取積極行動、與面對疾病採取消極行動。
由相關統計結果顯示，病人承受的各層面衝擊，與因應行爲中的情緒調整尋求支術成有意義的線性正相關。而性別、年齡、發病前後工作狀況、家庭型態、長子女是否成年，對慢性病患者所承受的衝擊與因應行爲皆有影響。
研究結果可供教學與臨床工作人員參攷，如何爲慢性病患者的衝擊與因應行爲做一整體性評估，從中提供協助與指引，以減輕衝擊度，進而採取正向的因應行爲。

關鍵字

慢性病 ； 衝擊 ； 因應行爲

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to explore the impacts on and coping behaviors of patients with chronic illness. The Chronicity Impact Scale (CIS) was administered to 161 chronically ill patients, along with measures of coping hehaviors (the Coping Behavior Scale).
The most powerful impact was the physical aspect; then the psychological, social aspect; finally activities of daily living. By factor analysis, three factors were identified, Those were: emotional regulating and finding support, taking aggressive action, and taking passive action. Positive relationships were found among impacts and emotional regulating coping behaviors. MANOVA (Multivariate analysis of variance) was used to examine influential factors of impacts and coping behaviors. Sex. age. work condition before and after illness, family pattern, level of dependency of patient's children made significant difference (p＜0.05) to the impacts and coping behaviors.
The overall findings indicate that it is important to make a comprehensive assessment of chronically ill patients. Furthermore, providing help and guidance to chronically ill patients will decrease the degree of impact and help assure that the chronically ill patients adopt positive coping strategies.

並列關鍵字

chronic illness ； impact ； coping behavior