生態瞬時評估於身體活動與休閒行為之研究

近年來社會科學領域，開始廣泛地以「生態瞬時評估」作為主要測量個人行為與經驗的研究設計。生態瞬時評估著重在即時地且重複地蒐集研究對象在每日生活中的行為，此優勢為最大化研究的生態效度與最小化回憶偏差。隨著科技的發展，生態瞬時評估可有效透過智慧型手機完成每日的測量。本文提供生態瞬時評估對於身體活動與休閒行為的實證研究，並且介紹這些研究如何應用生態瞬時評估，探討個人身體活動與休閒行為在短時間內的變化，以及此變化對於個人健康變項間的關係。本文期透過分析生態瞬時評估的優缺點，以及提供未來研究如何應用生態瞬時評估在身體活動與休閒行為領域，以供運動與休閒研究者在研究設計上參酌。

關鍵字

每日行為；真實生活資料；密集性縱向研究；休閒運動

並列摘要

In recent years, ecological momentary assessment (EMA) has been widely used to measure personal behavior and experience in everyday lives in social science. EMA emphasized data collection with repeated and timely assessment in capturing subjects' daily behavior and experiences in real life. EMA also aims to maximize ecological validity as well as to minimize recall bias. As technology advanced, EMA can effectively collect data using smartphones and wearable devices. The current paper provides examples of empirical EMA studies in the fields of physical activity and leisure behavior, as well as summarizes the pros and cons of using EMA approach. EMA enables researchers to explore short-term changes in physical activity and leisure behavior and how the changes relate to health variables within each subject. However, conducting EMA study is time-and-resource-demanding and requires advanced analytic skills to process intensive longitudinal data. In sum, the authors suggest that understanding the strengths and weaknesses of EMA, and how EMA can be implemented in physical activity and leisure research is a promising approach to advancing the knowledge in our field.

並列關鍵字

daily behavior ； real-time data ； intensive longitudinal methods ； recreational sport

參考文獻

Bejarano, C. M., Cushing, C. C., & Crick, C. J. (2019). Does context predict psychological states and activity? An ecological momentary assessment pilot study of adolescents. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 41, 146-152. doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2018.05.008

Bolger, N., Davis, A., & Rafaeli, E. (2003). Diary methods: Capturing life as it is lived. Annual Review of Psychology, 54(1), 579-616. doi: 10.1146/annurev.psych.54.101601

Brajša-Žganec, A., Merkaš, M., & Šverko, I. (2011). Quality of life and leisure activities: How do leisure activities contribute to subjective well-being. Social Indicators Research, 102(1), 81-91. doi: 10.1007/s11205-010-9724-2

Cain, A. E., Depp, C. A., & Jeste, D. V. (2009). Ecological momentary assessment in aging research: A critical review. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 43(11), 987-996. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2009.01.014

Chen, S. T., Jinshil, H., Graefe, A. R., Mowen, A. J., Almeida, D. M., & Sliwinski, M. J. (2020). The influence of leisure engagement on daily emotional well-being. Leisure Sciences. Advanced online. doi: 10.1080/01490400.2020.1757537

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生態瞬時評估於身體活動與休閒行為之研究

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