自1980年代末期,受到全球化力量及經濟轉型壓力的影響,政府開始實施一連串去管制措施,展現從發展型國家轉向新自由主義政府的徵象。在此過程中,金融去管制、國營企業民營化與大批國有土地釋出的策略,對於首都-臺北市的產業轉型及土地開發產生重大影響;由於在此時,臺北城也面臨更為嚴峻的全球競爭壓力,加上1990年代中期政治民主化後首長民選制度的啟動,地方治理亦出現極大轉變,新自由主義城市特徵儼然成形。本文旨在將此一自由主義化的轉向放置在具體的城市空間進行討論,並透過四個與臺北市都市空間發展及經濟轉型密切相關的大型開發案之發展進程,分析土地開發所扮演的關鍵角色,以及中央、地方及資本三者之間複雜的合作與競爭的權力鬥爭關係,最後發現在朝向新自由主義城市發展的過程中,中央、地方政府與資本三者,其實是運用各種彈性開發策略來累積及創造各自的資本。
This paper discusses the relationship between urban restructuring and neoliberal politics in Taipei for the past two decades. It is an era that both national government and Taipei municipal government have to react to Taipei's rapid economic and spatial restructuring underpinned by globalization. Similar to other global cities, noeliberal economic and urban policies anchoring on large-scale urban projects are adopted as panacea to retain capital fly and to create territorial competitiveness. In this paper, we try to investigate the developmental processes of four large-scale urban projects, which are crucial to Taipei's economic and spatial restructuring over the past 20 years, to reveal the nature of Taipei's neoliberal urban politics. It is suggested that the experiences of neoliberal urbanization in Taipei have to be examined under actually existed neoliberalizing contexts. We find that public land not only plays a central role in triggering urban restructuring, but also becomes the pivotal asset in urban power games. Besides, strategies of ”flexible” land development are essential characteristics of neoliberal politics in Taipei.
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