中國國家資本主義：一個新的政治經濟學研究議程

Chinese State Capitalism: A New Research Agenda For Political Economy

劉致賢(Chih-shian Liou)

《台灣政治學刊》 19卷2期 (2015/12) Pp. 41-80

https://doi.org/10.6683/TPSR.201512.19(2).41-80

摘要

近來，在全球市場中，國家資本主義相較於其他政治經濟體制似乎成為一種強勢且具有競爭力的制度。中國的經濟發展與國家資本主義的關係更是學術界、政策界乃至實務界研究與討論的對象。然而，相關論述在概念發展與理論化方面卻呈現前所未有的紊亂。一者，大部分學者均同意中國目前政經安排已不再是社會主義，但究竟是屬於哪一種政經體制卻莫衷一是。再者，即便在將中國歸類為國家資本主義的諸多研究中，中國國家資本主義往往被賦予不同的概念意涵。這兩種趨勢使得相關研究難以產生有意義的對話，同時也無助於理論架構的建立。因此，藉由回答「是否存在著以及什麼是中國國家資本主義」，本文主張中國國家資本主義的研究應該放置在比較資本主義的框架中討論，抽繹出中國內部國家與市場互動的普遍原則。同時，將之對照其他同屬國家資本主義經濟體的內部政經發展，以此得出有意義的比較與類型化，方能避免中國研究在比較政治學中被特殊化的困境。

關鍵字

政治經濟學 ； 比較政治 ； 國家資本主義 ； 比較資本主義 ； 中國大陸

並列摘要

Compared to other political-economic systems, state capitalism has been a competitive system in the global market since the global financial crisis in 2008. The relationship between state capitalism and China's robust economic development has attracted attention from both academics and practitioners. Yet the review of the existing literature indicates that little work has been done to conceptualize related phenomena and provide a theoretical framework. On the one hand, while most scholars acknowledge that the political-economic system in China is not a socialist one, there is no consensus on the current system of Chinese political economy. On the other hand, even though studies characterize the Chinese politicaleconomic system as state capitalism, they are inconsistent in defining and conceptualizing the term 'Chinese state capitalism'. As such, it is hard to generate meaningful dialogue among researchers and to build a convincing conceptual framework. By exploring whether Chinese state capitalism exists and what constitutes Chinese state capitalism, this article argues that researchers should engage in the study of Chinese state capitalism from the perspective of comparative capitalism, by which the statemarket interactions in China can be generalized. In so doing, researchers of Chinese state capitalism will be able to draw meaningful comparisons with other state capitalist systems and contribute to the field of comparative politics.

並列關鍵字

political economy ； comparative politics ； state capitalism ； comparative capitalism ； China

參考文獻

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