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都市政權之生產──都市政治的理論反思

Production of urban regime: A theoretical reflection of urban politics

摘要


站在都市政權理論的研究基礎上,本文主要論點在指出必須將都市政權理論或都市政治研究,連結到更大的社會、政治、經濟再結構的脈絡,同時以社會生產模型將之理論化,方能面對新的尺度政治帶來的新空間形式。此理論化工作的核心,便在於接合從1970年開始的對「都市」的辯論成果,甚至近年來全球經濟與浮現中之新的空間結構,例如鉅型城市(megacity)、都會區域(metropolitan region)、全球城市—區域(global city-regions)的理論辯論,以深化都市政權理論。都市政治研究必須分析每個特殊的社會結構之形構與內在動力,對政權的諸多不同層次的影響。如此,諸如全球化、不同層級之國家間的關係、制度、文化、象徵經濟等作用,便可登堂入室,成為都市政權理論的必要元素,不再只是特殊文化、社會的變項,透過政權理論對於治理聯盟(governing coalition)的掌握能力,方能幫助開啟未來台灣都市政治之視角,讓研究者有能力分析變動中的台灣都市體系,跳脫以往中央/地方、縣市區域分劃、藍綠政黨政治的框架。將全球化不同空間尺度之因素納入分析架構後,都市將不只是空間容器,或國家機器的一角,隨著政權理論而重新概念化之後的都市,將成為在二十一世紀新的全球政經結構下,最具有戰略意義的研究單位,是都市研究的歷史反省也是研究創新的開端。

並列摘要


Built on previous scholarship of urban regime theory, this essay argues that in order to grasp the new spatial form brought about by the new scale politics, studies of urban politics in general, or urban regime theory in particular, must be linked to the larger context of social, political, and economic restructuring, and at the same time be re-theorized with the model of social production. The core of this re-theorization, this essay underlines, is to connect urban regime theory with the questioning of" the urban" since the 1970s, as well as the recent theoretical debates about the emerging spatial formation resulted from economic globalization, such as" megacity", ''metropolitan region," and "global city-regions." Studies of urban politics must explore the re-formation and internal dynamics of each specific social configuration, and its multilayer impacts upon the urban regime. Thereby, the effects of specific" contexts" such as globalization, inter-governmental relations, institution, culture and symbolic economy can be foregrounded as the necessary elements of urban regime theory, rather than particular social cultural" variations." By virtue of urban regime theory's analytic power to investigate the governing coalition in urban politics, researchers are able to grasp the changing urban systems in Taiwan, going beyond the dominative analytic frameworks of central/local government, regional partition, and party politics. By including factors of different spatial scales under globalization into analytic framework, the city will no longer remain as spatial container, nor is it simply as a branch of state apparatuses. Instead, the city, re-conceptualized by this re-theorization of regime theory, will become the most strategic research unit under the new political economic structure of globalization in the 21^(st) century.

參考文獻


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Dowding, K.(2001).Explaining urban regimes.International Journal of urban and Regional Research.25(1),7-19.
Jonas, A. E. G.,Wilson, D.(1999).The Urban Growth Machine: Critical Perspectives Two decades Later.New York:State University of New York.
Laurai, M.(1996).Reconstructing Urban Regime Theory: Regulating Urban Politics in A Global Economy.London:Sage.

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