臺灣老年人身體活動量與功能性體適能的關係

Relationships between Physical Activity Levels and Functional Fitness Test for Elderly in Taiwan

李佳倫(Chia-Lun Lee) ； 鄭景峰(Ching-Feng Cheng)

《大專體育學刊》 12卷4期 (2010/12) Pp. 79-89

https://doi.org/10.5297/ser.1204.009

摘要

本研究的目的在探討臺灣老年人身體活動量與功能性體適能的關係，並且瞭解此二者在性別和不同年齡層的變化。本研究以自願參加本實驗的健康老年人為受試對象（33位男性和38位女性，平均年齡71.5±5.4歲）。功能性體適能檢測項目包括肌力（坐椅站立測驗、肱二頭肌屈舉）、敏捷／動態平衡（2.44公尺繞物）、柔軟度（坐椅體前伸、抓背測驗）與心肺適能（6分鐘走路）。老年人的身體活動水準是透過身體活動量問卷測得。研究結果顯示，老年人的身體活動量分別與肌力和敏捷／動態平衡達顯著相關（r=-0.26-0.35,p<.05）。老年女性和老年男性分別有較佳的柔軟度和上肢肌力表現（p<.05），但是在其他功能性體適能的變項未達顯著差異。比較不同年齡層老年人的結果發現，65-69歲和75歲以上老年人的身體活動量達顯著差異（p<.05），且65-74歲老年人的肌力、2.44公尺繞物測驗和6分鐘走路均顯著優於75歲以上的老年人（p<.05）。本研究結論是高身體活動水準的老年人，其敏捷／動態平衡和肌力的表現可能較佳，而肌力與柔軟度在性別之間存在差異性。除此之外，應針對75歲以上老年人的功能性體適能表現呈顯著下滑的現象提出適當的運動處方。

關鍵字

高齡化社會 ； 大眾健康 ； 性別差異

並列摘要

The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationships between physical activity levels (PAL) and functional fitness test (FFT) for elderly in Taiwan. The secondary purpose was to determine the effects of age and sex differences on PAL and FFT. Healthy older subjects (33 men, 38 women, mean age=71.5±5.4 yrs) voluntarily participated in this study. The FFT consisted of muscular strength (arm curl and chair stand), agility/dynamic balance (8 foot up-and-go), flexibility (back scratch and chair sit-and-reach) and cardio respiratory fitness (6-min walk). The PAL was surveyed by the Physical Activity Scale for Elderly (PASE). The PASE was significantly correlated with the muscular strength and agility/dynamic balance, respectively (r=-0.26~0.35, p＜.05). In the sex differences, flexibility in older women was greater than older men, and muscular strength of upper limbs were stronger in older men than older women. However, no significant differences in other variables of FFT between gender. A significant difference in PASE between 65-69 yrs and above 75 yrs elderly (p＜.05) were noticed. Furthermore, muscular strength, 8 foot up-and-go and 6-min walk were significantly greater in 65-74 yrs elderly than in＞75 yrs elderly (p＜.05). This study concludes that higher PAL might relate to the better muscular strength and agility/dynamic balance in elderly. The flexibility and muscular strength showed indeed different with sex differences. Moreover, the proper exercise prescription should be recommended for above 75 yrs elderly in Taiwan due to the muscular strength, agility/dynamic balance and cardiorespiratory fitness were notably decreased.

並列關鍵字

aging society ； public health ； sex differences

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