工作負荷與工作行為之關聯：主動性人格為調節變項

The Relationships between Workload and Work Behavior: Proactive Personality as a Moderator

張婷婷(Ting-Ting Chang) ； 陸洛(Luo Lu) ； 黃睦芸(Mu-Yun Huang)

《台灣管理學刊》 11卷2期 (2011/08) Pp. 177-195

https://doi.org/10.6295/TAMJ.2011.1102.04

摘要

本研究主要目的為探討(1)工作負荷與工作行為（工作績效與組織公民行為）之間的關聯，以及(2)主動性人格對工作負荷與工作行為之關係的調節效果。本研究採用結構式問卷調查，共計完成446份有效問卷，調查對象為台灣地區各類組織之全職工作者。研究結果發現：工作負荷與工作績效、組織公民行為等工作行為變項間皆有顯著的正相關。此外，我們亦發現主動性人格對工作負荷與組織公民行為間的關係具調節作用。我們建議：企業要營造組織支持的氛圍，給予員工適當的工作負荷，當員工將工作負荷視為挑戰時，就有可能會有較佳的工作表現，亦會有更多的組織公民行為，此外，組織亦可將主動性人格納入甄選員工的標準，如此將對企業效率與績效的提升有所助益。

關鍵字

工作負荷 ； 工作績效 ； 組織公民行為 ； 主動性人格

並列摘要

The purposes of this study are to explore: (1) the potential impact of workload on work outcomes (job performance and organizational citizenship behavior), and (2) the possible moderating effect of proactive personality on the relationship between workload and work outcomes. Using structured questionnaires, a diverse sample of 446 full-time employees drawn from a variety of organizations in Taiwan was surveyed.We found that workload was positively associated with work outcomes (organizational citizenship behavior, work performance). Besides, proactive personality could moderate the relationship between workload and organizational citizenship behavior. It is thus recommended that enterprises need to create a supportive organizational atmosphere and assign employees with optimal workload. When employees believe that workload is a challenge stressor, they would perform better and engage in more organizational citizenship behaviors. Meanwhile, it would also be helpful for enterprises to enhance their efficiency and performance through recruiting employees who have high proactive personality traits.

並列關鍵字

workload ； performance ； organizational citizenship behavior ； proactive personality

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