中國全球佈局中的海洋戰略

The Role of Ocean Strategy in China's Global Layout

林文程(Wen-Cheng Lin)

《全球政治評論》 36期 (2011/10) Pp. 19-42

https://doi.org/10.29899/JRM.201110.0004

摘要

中國崛起似乎已經成為國際社會的共識，然而世界各國和研究中國的學者專家對中國是否是一個支持現狀的強權仍然缺乏共識。美國表示希望中國成為一個負責任的利害關係人，但是對中國是否已經扮演這樣的建設性角色，則有所保留。東亞的國家，尤其是日本、越南和菲律賓，在過去幾年特別感受到中國強勢作風所帶來的壓力。媒體有關中國將南海界定為其核心利益的報導，以及中國軍方對黃海之強硬立場，讓其它東亞國家有很深的感觸，對中國的國家戰略，尤其是海洋戰略，產生戒心，因此希望引進美國力量以制衡中國。本文之目的在於介紹中國發展海洋戰略的目的、過程和現況，分析中國全球佈局中的海洋戰略，並探討中國發展海權所面臨的一些考驗。

關鍵字

中國 ； 海洋戰略 ； 海權 ； 全球佈局

並列摘要

China's rise recently seems to have become a phenomenon commonly acknowledged by the international community, yet experts and observers lack consensus on the question of whether China is a status quo power. Although the U.S. has expressed its desire for China to become a responsible stakeholder, it remains reserved on whether China has already taken up such a constructive role. In the past few years, East Asian countries, especially Japan, Vietnam and Philippine, feel great pressure from China's strong behavior. Media reports regarding China's delimitation of the South China Sea as its ”core interest” and the PLA's rigid position regarding the Yellow Sea have caused countries in the region to become more vigilant of China. As East Asian countries become wary of Beijing's national strategy, especially its ocean strategy, countries in the region seek to bring in U.S. power to balance China. This article aims to introduce the goal, experience and current status of China's development of ocean strategy and analyze China's ocean strategy in a global context. This article also examines some challenges China would face in developing sea power.

並列關鍵字

China ； Ocean Strategy ； Sea Power ； Global Layout