由高適、岑參作品探析盛唐邊塞詩中天朝意識與華夷觀念

Political and Ethnic Consciousness in Kao Shih and Cen Shen's frontier poems during prosperous Tang Dynasty

陳濟安(Chen,Chi-an)

《東吳中文線上學術論文》 48期 (2019/12) Pp. 1-25

摘要

本文以高適、岑參的邊塞詩篇為主要研究對象，探討二人詩中關於政治意識與民族觀點之闡釋，就此衍生出兩個核心議題：一、戰爭的殘酷本質及其後果，有違儒家思想中所強調的仁愛精神，服膺儒學的幕府文士，如何審視唐帝國與周邊部族的軍事衝突？又藉由何種論述來化解此中的弔詭之處，為王師提供一種師出有名的擴張依據？二、面對吐蕃與契丹等外患的反覆侵擾，以及詭譎多變、難以預料的戰地形勢，邊塞詩人如何看待自我與異族間所存在的諸多隔閡？經歷安史之亂這場幾欲顛覆華夏文明的浩劫以後，高適、岑參對於胡人的心態又有何微妙轉變？本文將針對上述這些亟待釐清之處進行說明，並闡釋高岑的邊塞詩中對於「弔民伐罪」與「華夷之辨」的接受情形以及相關論述脈絡。

關鍵字

高適 ； 岑參 ； 盛唐邊塞詩 ； 弔民伐罪 ； 華夷之辨

並列摘要

This research explores the political consciousness and nationalism in the poems of both Kao Shih and Cen Shen. It also focuses on two main issues. First, the cruel nature of war and its consequences violate the kind spirit of Confucianism, as for those frontier poets,who thoroughly obey Confucianism, how do they observe the military conflicts between Tang empire and surrounding tribes ? What kinds of discussion do they select to resolve the contradictions between bloody war and humanism, and then provide government army with a reasonable excuse for expansion ? Second, facing the repeated aggression of foreign enemies such as Tibet and Khitan, as well as the changeable and unpredictable battlefield situation. How do those frontier poets look at the many gaps between self and different races ? After An Shi rebellion, the catastrophe almost subverted the Chinese civilization. What are the subtle changes in the attitude of Kao Shih and Cen Shen to the barbarians ? This essay will address these doubtful points for further clarification. It also explains the acceptance of ＂ consoling the people and punishing the wicked ＂ and ＂ the distinction of Chinese and barbarians ＂ in Kao Shih and Cen Shen 's frontier poems with related discussion contexts.

並列關鍵字

Kao Shih ； Cen Shen ； prosperous Tang Dynasty frontier poem ； console the people and punish the wicked ； the distinction of Chinese and barbarians