專業的水土保持志工－跨領域的學習及分享

Professional Volunteer of Soil and Water Conservation-Interdisciplinary Learning and Sharing

陳正改(Joe, C.K. Chen)

《中華防災學刊》 9卷1期 (2017/02) Pp. 63-83

摘要

歐菲莉（OFELIA）颱風於民國79（1990）年6月23日侵襲臺灣時，為花蓮及台東地區帶來瞬間暴雨，進而造成傷亡慘重的土石崩塌災情。台大邀請相關的防災學者及專家組成勘災小組前往現地調查，發現導致此嚴重災害的主要原因，乃是：「民眾過度開發，甚至濫墾山坡地」所致。於是行政院農委會要求各縣市政府招募「水土保持志工」，對民眾加強宣導：「不能濫墾山坡地」、「不能在山坡地種植像檳榔及高冷蔬菜的淺根植物」，以維護山坡地的安全。筆者自民國81（1992）年即加入「臺北市水土保持志工隊」，也應邀擔任氣象、颱風、豪雨等災害性天氣課程的講師。由於志工夥伴們都來自各行各業，而且學有專精；在這個團隊裡，我不僅分享我的專業，而且也自其他的志工朋友身上學習到跨領域的知識和技能，對筆者在公務的推動－增進氣象預報人員對土石流成因及衝擊之瞭解，和緊急應變及處置作為之認知－助益良多。

關鍵字

水土保持 ； 土石流 ； 山坡地 ； 濫墾 ； 志工

並列摘要

Typhoon OFELIA attacked Taiwan and instantly brought torrential rainfall to Hualien and Taitung on June 23th 1990, causing debris flow and heavy casualties. Scholars and experts of disaster prevention explored the stricken region and reached a conclusion that over-reclamation had mainly caused the catastrophe. The Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, therefore, demanded that all city and county governments should recruit volunteers of soil and water conservation so as to advocate concepts for hillside safety such as: ＂No over-reclamation on the hillside＂ and ＂Never grow shallow-rooted plants (e.g., arecas and highland vegetables) on the hillside.＂ The Author has been a member of volunteers of soil and water conservation of Taipei City, and has been invited to be the lecturer of courses on meteorology and on disastrous weather (e.g., typhoons and heavy rain) since 1992. His volunteer partners come from all walks of life and have various expertise. Therefore, he has not only shared his profession but has also acquired interdisciplinary knowledge and skills in this group. Such experience has benefitted him a great deal on his official business as a weather forecaster: enhancing the understanding on the causes and impacts of debris flow as well as on related emergency responses and actions.

並列關鍵字

Soil and Water Conservation ； Debris flow ； hillside ； over-reclamation ； volunteer