自然與中國古典哲理性詩歌的理趣

＂Nature and Philosophical Relish in Classical Chinese Philosophical Poetry＂

鄺龑子(KWONG Yim-Tze)

《人文中國學報》 23期 (2016/12) Pp. 31-60

摘要

哲理性詩歌涉及哲理與詩歌的藝術結合，連接著一個根本性的美學課題。中國古典哲理性詩歌則往往透過自然景象表達反思，背後亦涉及多層次的哲理涵義爲基礎，例如“天人合一”及“道”。本文透過具體文本例證，分析自然在中國古代哲理性詩歌中的各種入世和出世啟示。文中同時透過反面例子（例如玄言詩），探討哲理性詩歌如何能寫出具有感染力的啟示，散發理趣。本文亦討論中西哲理詩在語言結構、思維模式與美學取向上之不同，從而點出中國古典哲理性詩歌的美學和意境，如何具有某程度的文化獨特性。

關鍵字

詩與哲理 ； 道 ； 自然 ； 中西哲理詩 ； 哲理詩美學 ； 理趣

並列摘要

Involving an artistic integration of poetry and philosophy, philosophical poetry is linked to a fundamental aesthetic issue. Classical Chinese philosophical poetry often expresses reflections through natural scenes and phenomena, which themselves are underpinned by multiple levels of philosophical meaning, such as ＂unity of Heaven and humankind＂ and ＂the Way＂. Through concrete textual evidence, this essay analyses various kinds of inner-worldly and other-worldly illumination offered by Nature in classical Chinese philosophical poetry. Negative examples (e. g. ＂abstruse-language poetry＂) are used to explore how philosophical poetry can express illuminating reflections with an artistic appeal, and so exude a philosophical relish. This essay also outlines differences between Chinese and Western philosophical verse in verbal structure, reasoning mode and aesthetic orientation, pointing to some degree of cultural distinctiveness in the aesthetics and artistic landscape of classical Chinese philosophical poetry.

並列關鍵字

Poetry and philosophy ； Dao ； Nature ； Chinese and Western philosophical poetry ； aesthetics of philosophical poetry ； abstruse-language poetry