無衰弱與衰弱前期中高齡者走路速度與功能性體適能之關聯

The relationship between walking speed and functional fitness in the non- frailty and pre- frailty elderly

楊雯婷(Wen-Ting Yang) ； 呂佳育(Chia-Yu Lu) ； 陳淑貞(Shu-Chen Chen) ； 錢桂玉(Kuei-Yu Chien)

《運動表現期刊》 5卷2期 (2018/12) Pp. 89-96

https://doi.org/10.3966/240996512018120502006

摘要

緒論：走路速度可預測大部分老人的健康，藉此了解退化程度，本研究探討不同衰弱階段社區中高齡者走路速度與功能性體適能要素之關聯，作為社區中高齡者衰弱防治之運動和身體活動設計之參考。方法：招募苗栗地區50歲以上之社區居民，共收案275位（74.6±6.39歲），以臨床衰弱量表為衰弱分級之工具，並進行功能性體適能測驗，包括身體質量指數、8英呎繞行、開眼單足立、握力、5次坐站、30秒坐站、抓背測試、椅子體前彎、兩分鐘抬膝與走路測驗。各數值以平均數±標準差表示，以共變數分析不同衰弱等級之中高齡者的功能性檢測差異，以皮爾森相關係數觀察走路速度與功能性體適能要素之相關。結果：本研究發現衰弱前期中高齡者的一般走路速度與敏捷性(r = -0.767)、靜態平衡(r = 0.529)相關高於無衰弱中高齡者(r = -0.514;r = 0.344)。衰弱前期中高齡者與無衰弱之快速走路與敏捷性(r = -0.781; r= -0.683)、上肢肌力(r= 0.562; r = 0.518)和靜態平衡(r = 0.505; r= 0.495)具有高度相關。結論：本研究發現無論衰弱前期或無衰弱的中高齡者敏捷性皆與走路測驗相關度最高，此外，上肢肌力、下肢肌力與靜態平衡也與走路速度有顯著相關。建議社區促進行動能力訓練中，敏捷性可列為共同主要核心訓練要素，針對無衰弱中高齡者之課程加入全身性肌力訓練與靜態平衡訓練；建議衰弱前期之課程加入靜態平衡和上半身肌力訓練，最後再強化下肢肌力。

關鍵字

高齡者 ； 行動能力 ； 8英呎繞行

並列摘要

Introduction: Walking speed can predict health of most elderly, so as to understand the degree of frailty of elderly. This study explored the relationship between the elderly walking speed and functional fitness in different stage of weakness as the promotion of the physical and mental health of the elderly. Methods: Community residents over the age of 65 in Miaoli County were enrolled. A total of 275 elders (74.6 ± 6.39 ages) were enrolled in this study. Chinese-Canadian study of health and aging clinical frailty scale was used as a tool to classify the weakness. And functional fitness test was conducted. The test items included body mass index, 8 feet up-and-go, open-eye single leg stand test, grip, 5 times chair stand, 30 second chair stand, back scratch, chair sit-and-reach, 2 min step and walking speed test. Each date is expressed as mean ± standard deviation, and Pearson correlation is used to analyze the relationship between walking speed and functional fitness of the elderly. Results: The association between normal walking speed and agility (r = -0.767) as well as the normal walking speed and static balance (r = 0.529) in pre-frailty elderly (PFE) were greater than those in non-frailty elderly (NFE) (r = -0.514; r = 0.344). The high correlation between fast walking speed and agility (r = -0.683; r = -0.781), upper limb muscle strength (r = 0.518; r = 0.562) and resting balance (r = 0.495; r = 0.505) in PFE and NFE. Conclusions: In this study, the agility has the highest correlation with the walking test in the PFE and NFE. It is suggested that agility should be listed as the main element of physical activity or exercise program in community. And suggested that the whole body muscular training and static balance training should be added to the NFE; the static balance training and upper body strength training should be added to the PFE, and the strength of lower limbs should be finally.

並列關鍵字

older adults ； mobility ； 8 feet up-and-go

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