台北市八十學年度國中新生的節食意向研究－理性行動理論的應用

Dieting Intention in the Seventh Graders in Taipei City, 1991: An Application of the Theory of Reasoned Action

李蘭(Lee-Lan Yen) ； 陳重弘(Chung-Hung Chen) ； 吳裴瑤(Pei-Yao Wu) ； 潘文涵(Wen-Han Pan)

《中華公共衛生雜誌》 13卷5期 (1994/10) Pp. 419-431

https://doi.org/10.6288/CJPH1994-13-05-06

摘要

節制飲食是控制體重和預防肥胖的方法之一。為瞭解青少年想要採取節制飲食的行為意向，以系統集束抽樣法，自臺北市八十學年度國中一年級學生共47,173人中，選取1174人為研究樣本。利用體型測量儀器和結構問卷，前往各學校以集體施測方式收集相關資料。應用理性行動理論分析結果，研究對象的個人態度以持中立意見(49.2%)和反對(34.9%)者居多；他人節食規範也以中立意見(52.9%)和反對(32.2%)者居多。整體說來，研究對象的節食意向偏負向（非常不可能者佔2.0%；不可能者佔63.8%；可能者佔33.7%：非常可能者佔0.5%）。與節食意向有關的重要預測變項為體質指數、節食效能、學業成績、和家人支持等四個因素。建議對於青少年，尤其是體型肥胖而且成績稍差者，及早提供節制飲食的教育計畫，藉向自我效能的提高，以及家人的相互支持，促成節制飲食的行為意向，並教導正確的節食方法，使體重得到適當的控制。

關鍵字

青少年 ； 節食意向 ； 理性行動理論

並列摘要

Dietary restraint is a way for weight control and obesity pervention. In order to understand the dieting intention among the adolescents, an investigation was conducted among the seventh graders in Taipei City junior high schools in 1991. The procedure of systematic sampling was employed to select 1,174 students as a sample. The theory of reasoned action was applied to address this problem. A wide distribution of neutral (49.2%) and negative (34.9%) attitudes toward dietary restraint was found. The subjective norms related to dietary restraint was also found to be neutral (52.9%) and negative (32.2%). Overall, the subjects dieting intention tended to be negative (absolutely impossible 2.0%; impossible 63.8%; possible 33.7%; absolutely possible 0.5%). The important predictors of dieting intention included body mass index, dieting efficacy, aclievement score, and family supports. It was suggested that the adolescents, especially the students with overweight and lower achievement scores, should be provided an educational program focused on raising their levels of self-efficacy and family supports. The optimal control of weight can be achieved when a high level of dieting intention is promoted and the correct strategies of dietary restraint are instructed.

並列關鍵字

adolescent ； dieting intention ； theory of reasoned action