支持性就業服務對智能障礙者工作適應之影響－以新北市為例

The Influence of Supported Employment Service on Work Adjustment of Person with Intellectual Disabilities in New Taipei City

徐文豪(Wen-Hao Shiu) ； 吳亭芳(Ting-Fang Wu)

《復健諮商》 8期 (2017/03) Pp. 19-45

摘要

工作適應困難是智能障礙者就業的主要問題之一，而支持性就業可以協助他們工作適應。支持性就業的支持領域包括：功能性一般基本認知能力、工作表現、工作態度、社會能力、健康照應、財務以及居家協助等七個。本研究以支持性就業支持的密集程度來解釋智能障礙者的工作適應，並以Hershenson的工作適應理論，所提的工作表現、工作角色行為與工作滿意度等3個向度，做為工作適應的評量指標。本研究以問卷調查法，自編問卷來測量智能障礙者在職場中各領域之就業支持密集程度以及工作適應狀況，共回收新北市地區80份問卷。支持領域以工作態度獲得的支持密集程度最高。在工作適應部分，支持領域以工作表現、工作態度、社會能力和健康照應等4項，與工作行為角色達顯著相關；支持領域以工作表現、工作態度、社會能力、健康照應、財務和居家協助等6項，與工作表現達顯著相關；各支持領域以工作表現、工作態度、社會能力、健康照應和居家協助等5項，與工作滿度達顯著相關。本研究結果顯示支持性就業模式對智能障礙者的工作適應是具有關鍵因素，所以若滿足其支持需求，可使智能障礙者的工作適應更加滿意。

關鍵字

智能障礙者 ； 支持性就業 ； 工作適應

並列摘要

The supported employment service can provide supports to assist persons with intellectual disabilities (ID) adjust their work. The supported employment has seven areas of supports, including basic cognitive ability, task performance, work attitude, social interaction, health care, financial management and domestic life. The study use the levels of support provided by job coaches (JC) in supported employment and three factors of the Hershenson's the work adjustment theory to measure work adjustment in supporeted employment. Self-designed questionnaires were developed to measure the level of supports provided by JC and to realize work adjustments of persons with ID in the supported employment. All of the 80 questionnaires were collected in New Taipei City by interviewing with the person with ID and employer who receives supported employment service. The study found work attitude was the highest level of support area provided by JC. The study about work adjustment, first, task performance, work attitude, social intergration and health care were significant correlated with work behaviors of the persons with ID who received supported employment services. Second, task performance, work attitude, social intergration, health care, financial management and domestic life were significant correlated with work performance. Third, task performance, work attitude, social integration, health care, and domestic life were significant correlated with work satisfaction. If JC could meet the need of the person with ID in the supported employment, we could improve the person with ID whose work adjustment.

並列關鍵字

persons with intellectual disabilities ； supported employment ； work adjustment