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  • 學位論文

空氣汙染與出生前金屬暴露之相關性

Relationship between air pollution and metal concentration in cord blood

指導教授 : 郭育良
共同指導教授 : 陳保中(Pau-Chung Chen)
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摘要


背景 空氣汙染物會經由呼吸進入人體,對人類健康造成威脅。空氣汙染物中,金屬常以細小的懸浮微粒方式存在,並經由吸入方式進入人體。本研究想要了解暴露到空氣汙染物與胎兒臍帶血中釩、鍶及砷的相關性。 材料方法 於2004年5月至2005年7月期間,原已建立了893對產婦及新生兒的出生世代,並於產婦生產後填寫問卷,問卷內容包含產婦基本資料、新生兒出生資料、居家環境資料、產婦暴露資料等。臍帶血樣本以感應偶合電漿質譜儀(ICP-MS)分析,分析釩、鍶及砷濃度。空氣汙染資料則是收集環保署測站資料,並利用地理資訊系統(Arc GIS)的克利金法(Kriging)推估個案住處的空氣污染濃度。最後以SAS 9.4軟體,利用多元線性迴歸分析(multiple linear regression),分析臍帶血中重金屬濃度與空氣汙染之關係。 結果與討論 在校正母親的年齡、教育程度及家庭收入,懷孕時的暴露如吸菸、二手菸及喝酒,嬰兒的出生週數、出生季節、性別後,臍帶血中釩與空氣中的PM10有顯著的正相關,且居住於高暴露區與居住低暴露區的臍帶血中釩濃度相差了0.39 μg/L;臍帶血中砷濃度則是與空氣中的SO2有顯著正相關,且居住於高暴露區與居住低暴露區的臍帶血中砷濃度相差了0.81 μg/L。 結論 本研究發現,臍帶血中釩濃度與空氣汙染物PM10有關聯性,以及砷濃度與空氣汙染物SO2有關聯性,此兩種空氣汙染物都跟工業區排放有關,因此無法排除工業排放之空氣汙染物與臍帶血中釩及砷濃度的關係。

關鍵字

出生世代 臍帶血 PM10 SO2

並列摘要


Background Air pollutants may enter the body through inhalation and affect human health. Metals belong to a component of air pollutants, and often exist with small particles, The goal of this investigation is to understand the relationship between air pollution and cord blood vanadium, strontium and arsenic concentrations. Materials and Methods A birth cohort, including 893 pairs of mothers and newborns were recruited between May 2004 to July 2005. Structured questionnaire was completed, which contained basic information on maternal and newborn data, information of home environment, and information on enviromental exposure. Cord blood samples were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), for vanadium, strontium and arsenic. Air pollution data was collected from the EPA air monitoring stations and individual exposure was extrapolated using geographic information system (Arc GIS) Kriging method. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to determine the relationship between metal concentrations in cord blood and air pollution by SAS 9.4 software. Results After adjusting the mother's age, education level, family income, maternal smoking, passive smoking, alcohol drinking, gestation weeks, birth season and baby gender, cord blood vanadium was significantly positively associated with PM10. Comparing those living in higher and lower PM10 regions, there was 0.39 μg/L difference in cord blood vanadium. Cord blood arsenic concentration was significantly positively associated with SO2. Comparing those living in higher and lower SO2 regions, there was 0.81 μg/L difference in cord blood arsenic. Conclusion The study found that cord blood vanadium concentrations is associated with maternal exposure to ambient PM10, and cord blood arsenic concentrations is associated with maternal exposure to ambient SO2. Since these two metals are known to be emitted from petrochemical industries, the contribution of the latter to cord blood vanadium and arsenic cannot be totally ruled out.

並列關鍵字

birth cohort cord blood vanadium arsenic PM10 SO2

參考文獻


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