使用含豆粉及蚯蚓粉的醱酵混合原料取代白蝦飼料中之魚粉可行性

Feasibility of using fermented mixture of soybean meal and earthworm meal to replace fish meal in the diet of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone)

貴萬真(Wan-Chen Guei)

指導教授 ： 劉俊宏

國立屏東科技大學/農學院/水產養殖系所/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2014.00213

摘要

本研究目的為評估Bacillus subtilis E20醱酵混合原料 (FSFEM)取代飼料中魚粉的可行性，為含豆粉 (SBM)及Eisenia foetida蚯蚓粉 (EM)，其混合比例為4：1，主要在提高甲硫胺酸含量，使醱酵後的混合原料在完全取代蝦飼料中之魚粉時，可滿足白蝦甲硫胺酸需求量。初始水分會影響醱酵狀況，當混合醱酵原料的初始水分為30~50%時，其粗蛋白含量及B. subtilis的增殖會顯著高於初始水分20%的組別。混合原料經B. subtilis醱酵後，可改善其適口性及利用率，因攝食含醱酵混合原料的白蝦成長表現比攝食含未醱酵蚯蚓粉之混合原料 (FSEM)來得好。在粗蛋白含量為37%及粗脂質含量為7%的飼料下，FSFEM是一種良好的魚粉替代原料。以白蝦成長表現來看，FSFEM可取代蝦飼料中80%的魚粉量，但以飼料效益來看，其可取代至100%。此外，蝦攝食不同實驗飼料後，經病原菌Vibrio alginolyticus感染後，各組之活存率皆沒有顯著性差異。綜合以上結果可知，以B. subtilis E20醱酵之FSFEM做為飼料原料取代魚粉是相當有潛力的。

關鍵字

白蝦 ； 枯草桿菌E20 ； 醱酵混合原料 ； 蚯蚓粉 ； 豆粉 ； 魚粉

並列摘要

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the potential of a Bacillus subtilis E20-fermented mixture (FSFEM) containing soybean meal (SBM) and Eisenia fetida earthworm meal (EM) at a ratio of 4:1 to increase the methionine level in order to satisfy the methionine requirement of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, in a diet with fish meal completely replaced by mixtures. The amount of initial moisture influences the fermentation status. Protein content and B. subtilis E20 proliferation were significantly increased in the fermented mixture when initial moisture was 30-50%. B. subtilis E20 fermentation improved the mixture’s palatability and utilization based on better growth performance in comparison to shrimp fed FSEM (containing fermented SBM and EM at a ratio of 4:1). FSFEM is good substitute for fish meal. Maximal replacement levels of fish meal with FSFEM were 80% in a shrimp diet with 37% of crude protein and 7% of crude lipid based on the growth performance and 100% based on feeding efficiency. In addition, shrimp fed experimental diets had no significant differences in survival after being challenged by Vibrio alginolyticus. It is suggested that B. subtilis E20-FSFEM has the potential to replace fish meal in cultured shrimp diets.

並列關鍵字

Shrimp ； Bacillus subtilis E20 ； fermented mixture ； earthworm meal ； soybean meal ； fish meal

參考文獻

張美淑，2013。以枯草桿菌E20醱酵豆粉做為白蝦飼料原料取代魚粉使用。國立屏東科技大學水產養殖系碩士論文。

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