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A Critical Approach to Digital Humanities: Examining the Subjective Sphere

This paper proposes an alternative take to critique in the digital humanities (DH). As it further expands, the DH needs to critically engage with digital technologies by shifting the balance between the thinking and methods of the humanities. Taking the standpoint of a humanist enterprise, the DH ought to examine materiality as the essence of the digital. In so doing it should engage with the subjective experience as a starting point of analysis about how the digital impacts the nature of who we are, and in turn the way in which it affects culture and digital practices.

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Navigating the Forest Through the Trees: Visualizing Character Paths Through Shakespeare’s As You Like It

Digital Humanities allows researchers to question traditionally-held theories based on ＂close＂ readings by extending research to ＂distant＂ reading. In this paper, the Ubiqu + Ity tool provided by the Visualizing English Print (VEP) Website is used to analyze the spoken text of all major characters within Shakespeare's As You Like It. The Ubiqu+Ity tool provides several language action types (LATs), which are then classified as relational versus selfish, and active versus reflective. These classifications produce a method (called the character path walk) that visualizes the paths the characters ＂walk＂ through the play, leaving their ＂trails＂ behind that can then be visually analyzed. Upon initial analysis, using the play As You Like It as an example, minor characters such as Phoebe and Silvius revealed dramatic arcs in their speeches. Rosalind's roles as Catalyst (early in the play) and Conciliator (of Phoebe and Silvius) are also identified by applying the method. Some areas for further analysis and method development are suggested.

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《史記》作者數位化研究初探－以三十世家虛字字頻為例

《史記》成書主要歷經司馬談、司馬遷父子二人之手，司馬遷根據父親部分舊稿，撰成《史記》。今本《史記》除司馬談、司馬遷之外，亦包含褚少孫的續補。本文運用DocuSky平臺中「文本詞彙頻率統計工具」，以《史記》三十篇世家文本為對象，探討各篇文字使用詞頻的異同。先參考《史記》虛詞研究成果，選出量化標的物，就其分布進行統計檢定。再以續史者續補段落文字作為覆核的對照組，比較司馬談、司馬遷、續史者三人運用虛詞字頻是否有所差異。則透過此數位人文工具的輔助，能迅速從事文本詞彙頻率的統計，較為客觀佐證《史記》 世家篇章作者的異同。以數位人文研究方法，補強當代《史記》學研究成果。

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DocuSky：個人文字資料庫的建構與分析平臺

隨著數位人文領域的開展，學術或大型機構所開發的傳統典藏資料庫，已不再能滿足研究者的需求。這些典藏庫雖然能提供品質良好的文本，但內容的修訂擴增速度相當緩慢，也缺乏數位工具來幫助使用者對感興趣文本進行更深入的分析。DocuSky是可以解決這些問題的數位人文研究平臺。它允許使用者上傳全文、詮釋資料、以及經過標記的文本，來建構屬於個人的文字資料庫。使用者對這個資料庫的內容，擁有完整的控制權。一旦資料庫建立，使用者可以利用平臺所提供的多種開放工具，對資料庫內容進行存取與分析。在系統設計上，DocuSky主張文本與工具必須分離、使用者介面必須可在瀏覽器上操作。論文也舉出一些實例，說明這樣的主張如何被應用於工具開發中。

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從CBDB到TBDB：以《新修彰化縣志．人物志》為試金石

臺灣歷史人物傳記資料庫（Taiwan Biographical Database, TBDB）的建置計畫，源自中國歷代人物傳記資料庫（China Biographical Database, CBDB）的啟發，期望能提供臺灣歷史人物傳記資料的文本探勘、社會網絡分析工具及相關軟體服務，梳理錯綜複雜的人際網絡，開拓臺灣史的研究視野。基於建置者對資料的掌握度及著作權的取得，建置團隊首先選擇四位人文學者成員共同編纂的《新修彰化縣志．人物志》做為文本來源，其體例統一、考訂嚴謹，含括各時代、各類型人物，是TBDB良好的試金石。除了借鏡CBDB，建置TBDB的重點在於依照臺灣的時空環境，設計符合臺灣歷史的人物屬性類別。目前初步完成檢索服務、人物地域分布及社群關係分析等功能，開放學界利用以除錯優化，未來將朝提升資料的量與質以及開發新工具努力。