In Taiwan, more than 900 thousands of victims were estimated annually, which corresponds to a new victim per 55 minutes. Physical abuse was not the most common form of maltreatment reported. Children were most likely to experience neglect, involving poor parental supervision, omission of care, or inadequate physical protection, nutrition, or health care. 54% of all reportedchildren suffered from neglect, with 25% co-morbidity with other types of maltreatment. Infants and toddlers had the highest rates of reported maltreatment (14.8 per 1000), 78% of all documented abuse-related fatalities occurred in children ages 4 or younger. Girls were more likely to experience maltreatment at older ages and more likely to have reported sexual abuse than boys. Consider the possibility of physical abuse when the child- (1) has unexplained bums, bites, bruises, broken bones, or black eyes; (2) has fading bruises or other marks noticeable after an absence from school; (3) seems frightened of the parents and protests or cries when it is time to go home from school; (4) shrinks at the approach of adults; or (5) reports injury by a parent or another adult caregiver. Consider the possibility of physical abuse when the parent or other adult caregiver - (1)offers conflicting, unconvincing, or no explanation for the child's injury; (2) describes the child as ”evil,” or in some other very negative way; (3) uses harsh physical discipline with the child; or (4) has a histoty of abuse as a child. Several steps in the management of the ongoing process, including (l)referrals; (2)consultation; (3)documentation; (4)decision of admission or discharge; (5)admitted patients- all suspected cases should follow the protocol of SCAN, which is designed o help coordinate early discussions with medical service, social service and police.