According to the analysis conducted by the International Criminal Police Organization, human trafficking has become the world's third biggest illegal trades behind drug and weapon smuggling. The conduct of human trafficking has seriously violated human rights hence is the most difficult problems for international society. Under this circumstance, the international rules concerning the prevention of human trafficking has gradually appeared such as U.N. Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime and The Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons as well as Decisions taken by European Council to combat human trafficking to effectively prevent the human trafficking from happening and protect and safeguard the victim's human rights. On the other hand, although human trafficking and human smuggling sometimes are hard to be told, treat the victims of the human trafficking incident as a normal illegal immigrant would bring adverse effects to them. In fact, human trafficking and human smuggling both involve illegal immigration, but the difference lies in that the human trafficking infers the nature of ”exploitation” whereas the human smuggling only refers to ”transportation.” Therefore, the subject of this article is to discuss the contents of relevant international conventions and their latest developments; thereby define the most proper international rule in this matter. In the end, this article calls upon Taiwan government to take the latest development of the relevant treaty into account and thus revise certain outdated domestic laws and regulations and promote international cooperation to realize the protection of human rights.