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  • 學位論文

大專女學生對約會暴力容忍度及影響因素之研究—以台北某商業技術學院為例

The Dating Violence Tolerance and Its Influence Factors of Female Students in a College of Business in Taipei

指導教授 : 黃蘭媖
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摘要


過去的研究指出,在兩性關係中,無論是社會角色期待、生理結構、體型等多居於弱勢的女性,較易成為約會暴力之被害人,而身處青春期尷尬身分之青少女,在尚未建立獨立、自主人格,缺乏成熟人際關係處理技巧下,更是約會暴力的高危險群。惟過去的研究多著墨在約會暴力的實際經驗,本土性實證研究對於約會暴力容忍度的探討仍付之闕如。本研究的目的為以問卷調查探索大專女學生面對不同類型與程度之約會暴力容忍程度及實際經驗,與影響因素. 根據文獻探討的結果,本研究選取了自尊、暴力因果信仰、性別角色態度、以及其他暴力經驗(含家暴與同儕暴力)等做為自變項,以約會暴力容忍度與實際經驗做為應變項。本研究以國立台北市某技術學院在學日間部五專、二專、四技、二技等學制女學生為抽樣母群,採分層隨機叢集取樣方式,以班級為取樣單位,正式施測時共抽取424人,有效問卷405份。統計分析結果發現:首先,約有兩成女學生對不同形式的約會暴力有某種程度地容忍態度,但容忍的態度在不同形式間有差異。其次,約有一成的女學生有約會暴力經驗,這些人佔有交往經驗者的五分之一。 約會暴力容忍度之高低,受價值信仰變項之影響多於基本人口特質,而約會暴力經驗影響因素則受基本人口變項影響較大。當受測者本身對性別角色與傳統社會期待態度認同越高、正向暴力信仰(暴力實證歸因)態度越少、年級越低、自尊越低,則其對約會暴力容忍度越高。當受測者其在交往經驗越多、同儕暴力經驗越少、父親教育程度越低、年級越低,則其約會暴力經驗越多。 歸結本研究發現與過去相關實證結果相互印證後,提出以下結論:首先,本研究中大專女生約會暴力經驗整體盛行率低於美國的調查,但在有交往對象中的盛行率則與美國的數據相近。調查中會容忍部分約會暴力行為者的百分比略高於實際受暴者的百分比,且這兩群人有差異。暴力容忍度僅與實際經驗有低度的相關,且約會暴力容忍度的預測因子與約會暴力經驗的預測因子不同。 根據上述研究結論,本研究指出:在預防約會暴力的措施中,過去較著重針對潛在的被害人,以個別輔導的方式,破除約會暴力的迷思等價值信念的強化,此舉或有助於降低其對約會暴力的容忍度,但並不一定能減少實際受暴經驗。在實務上的建議為:應重視同儕暴力行為對青少年之影響力,其次,應對約會暴力高危險群之高中女生加強親密關係互動與衝突之處理技巧,並強化同儕支持團體在預防上的重要性。未來的研究者可擴大樣本瞭解兩性在不同約會暴力行為容忍度的差異。其次,可針對母親教育程度、同儕暴力的經驗等對約會暴力容忍度與實際經驗間的影響機制等,以質性方法進行深入的探究。 關鍵詞:約會暴力、約會暴力容忍度、性別角色態度、自尊、約會暴力信仰

並列摘要


Previous research papers on gender relation have pointed out that women, under social expectation, in physical structure and type of build, are disadvantaged and tend to be the victims in date violence. Young girls, who tend to be weaker in terms of independent and mature personalities and lack of handling interpersonal relation, are the mostly likely group of date violence. Past researchers had focused mostly on actual date violence experiences and there is no domestic empirical research on date violence tolerance available when this study is conducted. The purpose of this study is to, via questionnaires, explore the tolerance of college girls on date violence and actual experiences in different types and degrees. From the explorations of past researches, the researcher selects self-esteem, violence causal belief, gender role attitude and other violence experiences (including domestic violence and peer violence) as independent variables and date violence tolerance and actual experiences as dependent variables. The sampling population of this study is girls at five-year, two-year, four-year and two-year technology of a selected college of commerce in Taipei City in stratified random sampling selection with class as sampling unit. A total of 424 girls are included in the formal survey and 405 valid questionnaires collected. From the statistics, it is found that there are around twenty percent of girls reported a certain degree of tolerance of date violence, although the endurance is different in different types of date violence. Around ten percent of girls have date violence experiences, accounting for one fifth of those having going steady experiences. Degree of tolerance of date violence is more affected by value belief variables than basic demographic nature. Date violence influential factors are more affected by basic demographic variable. When respondents have higher identification of their own gender role and traditional social expectations, they have fewer attitudes on positive violence belief (violence empirical reference). The lower grades the girls are in, the lower self-esteem and higher tolerance of date violence they report. Girls with more dating experiences, fewer peer violence, lower fathers’ education attainment, and in lower grades have more date violence experiences. After cross proof between the findings in this research and past empirical results, the research proposes a few conclusions: First, the overall population rate of college girls’ date violence experiences is lower than that in the U.S.; that of girls having fixed boyfriends is comparable to that in the U.S. The percentage of enduring partial date violence is slightly higher than the ratio of victims. The two groups of girls have differences. Violence tolerance is only lowly correlated to the actual experiences. Prediction factors of date violence tolerance and date violence experiences prediction factors are different. Based on the preceding conclusions, the research points out that, in preventive measures of date violence, we tended to pay more attention to the potential victims to break the date violence myths by case counseling to enhance values. This may help reduce date violence tolerance but not necessarily reduce the actual victim experiences. In practice, it is suggested we should emphasize the influence of peer violence on adolescents. We also need to enhance the handling skills of junior school girls in intimacy relation and enhance the importance of peer support group in prevention. In the future, researchers can expand the sample size to understand the differences of two genders’ tolerance of date violence. In-depth research in qualitative method can be conducted on influence mechanism of mothers’ education attainment and peer violence experiences on date violence tolerance and actual experiences. Keywords: dating violence, dating violence tolerance, gender role attitude, self-esteem, dating violence belief

參考文獻


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