- 期刊
In Vitro Activity of Cefotaxime
Cefotaximer的體外活性試驗
摘要
Cefotaxime是屬於第三代Cephalosporin類的半合成抗生素，具有強力的抗腸內細菌活性而且對β-lactamase很穩定，1981年5月到11月間，我們從各檢體中分離出1,203株細菌，其中Pseudomonas aeruginosa 212株，E. coli 357株，Klebsiella pneumoniae 217株，Enterobacter sp.74株，Salmonella muenchen 42株，Proteus mirabilis 44株，Morganella morganii 20株，Acinetobacter anitratus 38株，Acinetobacter lwoffii 13株，Aeromonas sp.6株，Flavobacterium sp.5株，Staphylococcus aureus 81株，Staphylococcus albus 53株，和Streptococcus faecalis 41株。利用瓊脂平板稀釋法測定各種菌株對cefotaxime的最小抑制濃度(Minimal inhibitory concentration, MIC)，同時將結果與其他13種常用抗生素比較，結果如下：最小抑制濃度的幾何平均值在Ps. aeruginosa是25 mcg/ml，E. coli 0.49 mcg/ml，K. pneumoniae 0.25 mcg/ml，Enterobacter sp. 0.88 mcg/ml，Salmonella muenchen 0.40 mcg/ml，Proteus mirabilis 0.16 mcg/ml，Morganella morganii 0.66mcg/ml，A. anitratus 11.45 mcg/ml，A lwoffii 7.74 mcg/ml，Aeromonas sp. 0.89 mcg/ml，Flavobacterium sp. 100 mcg/ml，Sta. aureus 1.87 mcg/ml，Sta. albus 2.47 mcg/ml，and strepto. faecalis 66.64 mcg/ml。在臨床可達到有效濃度(15-30 mcg/ml)下，cefotaxime可以抑制70.3%的Ps. aeruginosa，90.2%的E.coli，99.5%的K.pneumoniae，86.5%的Enterbacter sp.，100%的Salmonella muenchen，97.7%的Proteus mirabilis，100%的Morganella morganii，88.7%的Acinetobacter anitratus，76.9%的Acinetobacter lwoffii，100%的Aeromonas sp.，100%的Staphylococcus aureus，86.8%的Staphylococcus albus，及9.6%的Streptococcus faecalis。比較上，Cefotaxime對於E. coli，K.pneumoniae，Salmonella muenchen，Proteus mirabilis and Morganella morganii的活性比amidacin，gentanicin，colistin和nalidixic acid強，但是，對Staphylococcus和Streptococcus則較cephaloridine弱，對Flavobacterium sp.無效。
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無資料並列摘要
The in vitro activity of cefotaxime, a third generation of cephalosporin, was determined against recent 1,203 strains isolated from Kaohsiung Medical College Hospital during May to November of 1981 and compared with other commonly used antimicrobial agents. Cefotaxime was highly active against Enterobacteriaceac. The geometric means of the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for different strains were 25mcg/ml against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 0.49mcg/ml E. coli, 0.25mcg/ml Klebsiella pneumoniae, 0.88mcg/ml Enterobacter species, 0.40mcg/ml Salmonella muenchen, 0.16mcg/ml Proteus mirabilis, 0.66mcg/ml Morganella morganii, 11.45mcg/ml Acinetobacter anitratus, 7.74mcg/ml Acinetobacter lwoffii, 0.89mcg/ml Aeromonas species, 100.0mcg/ml Flavobacterium species, 1.87mcg/ml Staphylococcus aureus, 2.47mcg/ml Staphylococcus albus, and 66.64 mcg/ml Streptococcus faecalis. At the concentrations of clinically achievable serum levels, cefotaxime inhibited 70.3% of Pseudomonas acruginosa, 90.2% of E. coli, 99.5% of Klebsiella pneumoniae, 86.5% of Enterobacter sp., 100% of Salmonella muenchen, 97.7% of Proteus mirabilis, 100% of Morganella morganii, 88.7% of Acinetobacter anitratus, 76.9% of Acinetobacter lwoffii, 100% of Aeromonas sp., 100% of Staphylococcus aureus, 86.8% of Staphylococcus albus, and 9.6% of Streptococcus faecalis. Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, cefotaxime was slightly inferior to colistin, amikacin and gentamicin. But in comparison with amikacin, gentamicin, colistin and nalidixic acid, cefotaxime was more active against E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella muenchen, Proteus mirabilis and Morganella morganii.