- 期刊
猩紅熱臨床觀察及流行病學之回顧
Clinical Observation of Scarlet Fever with an Epidemiological Review
摘要
自民國66年12月至民國75年6月底，本院住院病人出院診斷為猩紅熱者，共有35例，在3個診斷要件①發燒②典型皮疹並有脫屑現象③鏈球菌感染的貴驗診斷證據；並排除因外傷引起的Surgical scarlet fever之病例後，共得5例。5例當中平約年齡為6歲 4個月，男與女之比為4:10年代分佈為民國66年1 例，民國73年1例，民國74年l例，民國75年1月至6 月問共有2例，由於猩紅熱是法定傳染病，根據衛生署統計，民國44年之前常有病例報告，民國20年至民3年間，每年約有50例以上，並有多起死亡例報告；但自民國45年至民國73年為止28年間，總共只有2例報告，猩紅熱可以說己是十分罕見的病例。但本院在民國74年之後，經歷了多起猩紅熱住院病例，其中3例符合我們診斷要件，另外在臺灣北部地區其他醫院亦有報告，整個看來病例有增加的趨勢，所以作者進行此一回溯性的研究。並對以往死亡病例作一探討。
關鍵字
無資料並列摘要
From December 1977 to June 1986, 35 patients with a discharged diagnosis of Scarlet Fever had been admitted to the Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. Only five cases fulfilled the three criteria: 1) fever, 2) typical skin rash with desquamation, 3) laboratory evidence of streptococcal infection. Patient ages ranged from 1 year and 9 months to 14 years. Male to female ratio was 4:1. There was a single case each in 1977, 1984, 1985 and two cases from January to June 1986. There was no mortality in theses five cases. According to statistics of the Department of Health of the Executive Yuan, there were 10-20 cases per year between 1911 and 1931, about 50 cases per year between 1931 and 1941, less than 10 cases per year between 1941 and 1956, and only 2 cases between 1956 and 1984. The disease has been very rare in the past 30 years, although this hospital experienced 3 cases within 18 months. Change of group A streptococcal strain or improvement of public health may be a possible factor. Because of the rarity and triviality of this disease in the current antibiotic era, it is suggested that scarlet fever be excluded from the list of reportable communicable diseases.