- 期刊
靈芝引起的檳榔基腐病
Basal Stem Rot of Betel Palm Caused by Ganoderma boninense in Taiwan
摘要
自2006-2012年由台灣7處果園(包括高雄市、屏東內埔與萬巒，及南投草屯)分離為害檳榔的靈芝病原菌，共獲得32菌株。在田間，靈芝為害檳榔的根系與莖基部，造成根部與莖基部組織褐變腐敗，終至樹木死亡。罹病的檳榔樹基部與根系，則長出子實體-擔子果(basidiocarp)。擔子果具短柄或無，正面菌蓋(pileus)褐色、紅褐色或暗褐色，具假漆狀光澤；背面菌孔面(pore surface)淡黃色或淡灰黃色，菌孔圓形或橢圓形。利用太空包木屑培養(plastic bag sawdust culture)，也可以誘導靈芝菌形成擔子果，釋放擔孢子，惟形成的擔子果較田間自然生長者較小。以小麥-燕麥培養基培養靈芝菌種，接種後可以誘發接種之檳榔組織褐變，並可再分離到原接種靈芝菌，完成病原性測定。參考前人文獻，比較檳榔靈芝菌之子實體、菌孔及擔孢子的形態與大小，以及上網National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)資訊庫比對ITS DNA (ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2)序列，證實為害台灣檳榔的靈芝菌為狹長孢靈芝(Ganoderma boninense)。
並列摘要
From 2006 to 2012, a total of 32 isolates of Ganoderma sp. were isolated from betel palm in seven orchards located at Kaohsiung City, Neipu and Wanluan of Pingtung County, and Caotun of Nantou County in Taiwan. In the field, Ganoderma could infect root and stem base of betel palm, causing root and stem base brown rot and necrosis, and eventual death. Basidiocarps emerging from stem base of the diseased betel palm were stipitate, or sessile. Upper surface of pileus was brown to dark, red-brown, and laccate. Pore surface was pale yellow to grey and pores were circular to oval. Basidiocarps could be produced when cultured on sawdust medium, but were smaller in size than those grown in the field. Inoculation of purified Ganoderma isolates on betel palm showed brown rot symptom, and the same Ganoderma was reisolated, confirming the pathogenicity. Based on morphological characteristics, including fruiting body, pore surface and basidiospores, and result of ITS region (ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2) sequence similarity searching, done via Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) provided from National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), Ganoderma infecting betel palm in Taiwan was identified as Ganoderma boninense.