- 期刊
根莖直徑與兩階段連續培養方式對薑組培苗增殖與生長之影響
Effects of Rhizome Diameter and Two-Stage Continuous Culture on Proliferation Rate and Growth of In Vitro Zingiber officinale Plantlets
摘要
本研究以「廣東薑」（Zingiber officinale 'Guang Dong'）與「竹薑」（Z. officinale 'Chu'）組織培養根莖進行試驗，探討根莖直徑與液、固態兩階段連續培養方式對組培苗增殖與生長之影響。將直徑分別約2、4及6 mm根莖接種於含有1.0 mg L^(-1)苯甲基腺嘌呤（benzylaminopurine; BA）與0.1 mg L^(-1)萘乙酸（α-naphthalene acetic acid; NAA）之Murashige & Skoog（MS）固態培養基培養8 wk，結果顯示「廣東薑」每一根莖可得6.2-6.7芽，但3種根莖直徑之間並無顯著差異。「竹薑」4 mm與6 mm之每一根莖可得約6.8-6.9芽，顯著高於2 mm根莖所得之芽體；同時考慮瓶苗之株高與鮮重表現，則「廣東薑」與「竹薑」瓶苗增殖皆以利用直徑達4 mm或以上之根莖較佳。液、固態兩階段連續培養，係先將直徑約5 mm之根莖培養於含有0.1 mg L^(-1) NAA，並分別添加0、0.5、1.0、2.0 mg L^(-1) BA之MS液態培養基中，培養2、4或6 wk後，將所得之芽苗團塊直接接種於含有0.5 mg L^(-1) BA與0.1 mg L^(-1) NAA之MS固態培養基中再培養8 wk。結果顯示，「廣東薑」以含有2.0 mg L^(-1)BA經6 wk液態培養處理之24.6芽顯著最多；「竹薑」在6 wk液態培養之0.5-2.0 mg L^(-1) BA處理皆具有最高總芽數。綜合上述結果，建議利用直徑4 mm以上之根莖作為培植體，可兼顧瓶苗之增殖效率與生長品質；液、固態兩階段連續培養試驗中，若依平均每週可生產之芽數來看，「廣東薑」以2.0 mg L^(-1) BA處理與「竹薑」以1.0-2.0 mg L^(-1) BA處理之根莖，於液態培養4 wk後再繼代培養於固態培養基繼續培養8 wk，所得之總芽數為最高。
並列摘要
The influence of rhizome diameter and liquid-solid two-stage continuous culture on proliferation rate and growth of in vitro Zingiber officinale 'Guang Dong' and 'Chu' plantlets were investigated in this study. The rhizomes of in vitro plantlets with about 2, 4 and 6 mm rhizome diameter were cultured on a Murashige & Skoog (MS) solid medium supplemented with 1 mg L^(-1) benzylaminopurine (BA) and 0.1 mg L^(-1) α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) for 8 wk of culture. There were 6.2-6.7 plantlets were induced from per explant of 'Guang Dong' rhizome, and no significant difference among three size of rhizomes. There were 6.8-6.9 plantlets were obtained from per 4 mm and 6 mm explants which were significantly higher than that of from 2 mm rhizome of 'Chu'. Moreover, the rhizome diameter larger than 4 mm was considered better explants for growth of the plant height and fresh weight. In the two-stage continuous culture, in vitro rhizomes with 5 mm diameter were first culture in a liquid medium containing 0.5 mg L^(-1) BA and 0.1 mg L^(-1) NAA for 2, 4 or 6 wk of culture before subculturing on a solid medium containing 0.5 mg L^(-1) BA and 0.1 mg L^(-1) NAA for 8 wk of culture. The highest number of proliferated plantlets were obtained from the liquid medium containing 2.0 mg L^(-1) BA or 0.5-2.0 mg L^(-1) BA for 6-wk treatment in 'Guang Dong' and 'Chu', respectively. In short conclusion, the diameter of rhizome larger than 4 mm as explants would be beneficial on plantlet proliferation and growth. In according to proliferation efficiency, explants first cultured in a liquid medium containing with 2.0 mg L^(-1) BA in 'Guang Dong' and with 1.0-2.0 mg L^(-1) BA in 'Chu' for 4 wk of culture before subculturing on the solid medium for 8 wk of culture had the highest plantlet yield on a weekly basis of production.