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草莓「台農1號」及其親本園藝性狀與抗白粉病之研究
Studies on Horticultural Characteristics and Powdery Mildew Resistance of Strawberry 'Tainung No. 1' and Its Parents
Abstracts
草莓「台農1號」係由「香水」（母本）與「桃園1號」（父本）雜交授粉所育成的品種。本研究目的在調查「台農1號」與二親本的園藝性狀並檢測其抗白粉病能力。結果顯示，在本試驗條件下之「台農1號」（18.5 cm）與「香水」（18.6 cm）植株顯著高於「桃園1號」（14.8 cm）；植株寬度則是「桃園1號」（39.3 cm）大於「台農1號」（37.5 cm）與「香水」（36.8 cm）。「桃園1號」單株萌生的匍匐蔓數（7.6條）、中間小葉葉長（10.6 cm）、葉寬（10.2 cm）及三出複葉的葉面積（308.6 cm^2），均顯著大於其他2個品種，但葉柄長度（11.0 cm）則最短。「香水」單季單株平均總花序數（7.1支）、單一花序收穫果實數（12.7顆）及果實平均鮮重（13.2 g）均高於「台農1號」與「桃園1號」；不過，「台農1號」果實硬度（0.8-0.9 kg cm^(-2)）較高，且可溶性固形物含量（9.5-10.4°Brix）與「桃園1號」（8.5-11.8°Brix）相近，「香水」（6.2-7.4°Brix）則偏低。「桃園1號」果實酸度0.34-0.44%比其他2個品種高，抗白粉病能力則不如「香水」與「台農1號」，上述各項試驗結果可提供農友們作為栽培草莓之參考。
Parallel abstracts
Fragaria ×ananassa Duch. 'Tainung No. 1' is a variety bred through cross-pollination between 'Xiang-Shui' (female parent) and 'Taoyuan No. 1' (male parent). This study aimed to investigate the horticultural characteristics of 'Tainung No. 1' and its two parents and to test their resistance to powdery mildew. The results showed that, under the test conditions, the plants of 'Tainung No. 1' (18.5 cm) and 'Xiang-Shui' (18.6 cm) were significantly taller than those of 'Taoyuan No. 1' (14.8 cm). Furthermore, the plant width of 'Taoyuan No. 1' (39.3 cm) was greater than that of 'Tainung No. 1' (37.5 cm) and 'Xiang-Shui' (36.8 cm). The number of stolon (7.6), terminal leaflet leaf length (10.6 cm), leaf width (10.2 cm), and trifoliolate leaf area (308.6 cm^2) of 'Taoyuan No. 1' per plant were significantly larger than those of the other two varieties, but the petiole length (11.0 cm) was the shortest. The average total number of inflorescence per plant (7.1), the number of fruits per inflorescence (12.7), and the average fresh weight of fruits (13.2 g) for 'Xiang-Shui' were all higher than those of 'Tainung No. 1' and 'Taoyuan No. 1'. However, the fruit hardness of 'Tainung No. 1' was higher (0.8-0.9 kg cm^(-2)), and the soluble solids content (9.5-10.4°Brix) was similar to that of 'Taoyuan No. 1' (8.5-11.8°Brix), while that of 'Xiang-Shui' (6.2-7.4°Brix) was lower. The 'Taoyuan No. 1' has a higher fruit acidity of 0.34-0.44% than the other two varieties, but its resistance to powdery mildew is not as good as 'Xiang-Shui' and 'Tainung No. 1'. These results may provide farmers with a reference for cultivating strawberries.