- 期刊
龍葵（Solanum nigrum L.）及光果龍葵（Solanum americanum Miller）種子發芽特性之研究
Studies on the Seed Germination Characteristics of Solanum nigrum L. and Solanum americanum Miller
摘要
龍葵（Solanum nigrum L.）及光果龍葵（Solanum americanum Miller）皆屬於茄科物種，可採摘嫩莖葉作營養野菜，亦可作藥草，具清熱、解毒之藥效，但也常被當作田間雜草。本研究目的探討環境因子對2種龍葵種子發芽能力之影響，利用恆溫、變溫、水分潛勢、鹽分濃度、酸鹼度、光質、光照氧氣與埋土深度等處理方法進行研究，作為田間雜草管理與野菜栽培之參考。試驗結果如下：恆溫下，龍葵種子於20℃發芽率97%為最佳，而光果龍葵種子於恆溫25℃發芽率55%為最佳；變溫下，龍葵種子於20/15℃有89%發芽率為最佳，光果龍葵種子於25/20℃變溫下發芽率可達97%為最佳。水分潛勢處理中，龍葵種子於0至-0.4MPa具發芽表現，而光果龍葵種子則具更廣的適應範圍，在0至-1.2MPa皆可發芽；鹽分處理中，2種龍葵種子於0%至0.8%濃度間皆可發芽；酸鹼值處理，2種龍葵種子在pH6.8處理中有最佳的發芽表現；不同光質處理，2種龍葵種子在黑暗環境下皆明顯受到抑制；光照氧氣處理，光照氧氣環境較適合2種龍葵種子發芽，龍葵種子發芽率84%為最佳，光果龍葵種子發芽率92%為最佳，此外2種龍葵種子在無氧環境下，無論有無光照處理，皆無發芽表現；埋土深度試驗，2種龍葵種子以埋土0cm出土率最佳達90%-99%，而隨著埋土深度增加，2種子之出土率亦隨之下降，當埋土深度至6.5cm時，2種子皆無出土。
並列摘要
Solanum nigrum L. and Solanum americanum Miller are both species of Solanaceae. Their young stems and leaves can be picked as nutritious vegetables and medicinal herbs, which have the effects of clearing heat and detoxifying, but they are also as field weeds. This study is in Taiwan to evaluate the effects of environmental factors (constant temperature, variable temperature, water potential, salinity, pH, light quality, light, oxygen, and depth of burial) on the germination ability, as reference methods for the field weed management and the wild vegetables cultivation. The results were as follow: in constant temperature treatment, the germination percentage of S. nigrum L. seeds at 20℃ was the best, and the germination percentage of S. americanum Miller seeds at 25℃ was the best; in alternate temperature treatment, the germination percentage of S. nigrum L. seeds could reach 89% at 20/15℃, and S. americanum Miller seeds could reach 97% at 20/15℃. In the water potential treatment, S. nigrum L. seeds germinated at 0 to -0.4 MPa, while S. americanum Miller seeds had a wider adaptation range, and could germinate at 0 to -1.2 MPa; two weeds seeds could germinate at 0% to 0.8% under salt concentration; in the pH value treatment, the two weeds seeds had the best germination ability in the pH 6.8 treatment; in different light quality treatments, two weeds seeds were obviously suppressed in the dark environment; in the light and oxygen treatment, two weeds seeds germinated better at the light and oxygen environment, S. nigrum L. seeds was 84% of the best germination percentage, S. americanum Miller seeds was 92% of the best germination percentage. In addition, in the no oxygen environment, there is no germination performance of two weeds with or without light; in the burial depth treatment, in the depth of 0 cm had the highest emergence percentage which were 90%-99%, and as the burial depth was increased, the emergence percentage of the two weeds were decreased, also when the depth of burial was 6.5 centimeters, the two weeds weren't emergent.