- 期刊
中洋子溼地對朴子溪之淨化成效之探討
Study on the Pollutants Removal Performance of Chun-Yang-Ziuh Wetland
摘要
朴子溪為台灣21條主要河川之㆒，流經嘉義縣市人口稠密區，大量都市、畜牧及工業廢水排入該流域，造成朴子溪河川水質惡化，已影響水體之正常使用。在污水下水道建設尚未完成前，可先行利用自然淨化工法截流處理已被污染的溪水，作為應急的水質改善措施。本文主要是探討溼地自然淨化工法對朴子溪水質淨化成效。溼地處理的主要目的是利用淨水沼池中種植各種型式之水生植物（包括沉水性、挺水性及浮水性植物），主要處理機制包括膠凝、沉澱及吸附，並利用附著植物根系的微生物分解水中污染物，且藉由水生植物之光合作用提供水中溶氧，以利進行好氧分解，達到自然淨化的作用，將部份污染物去除，淨化後的水再匯集回河流之現地處理方式。「中洋子溼地」位於新港鄉中洋工業區後方停車場旁，於93年7月設置完成，目前場區內水生植物種類計有：台灣水龍（自生組）、布袋蓮、水芙蓉及水空心菜等水生植物，在進流水BOD、NH3-N、SS分別介於2.4~33.7、0.06~30.1、5.0~240mg/L之條件下現場址以水空心菜生長情形較為茂密對當地水質適應良好，而布袋蓮生長情形較為稀疏顯示尚未有利其生長條件。本溼地由93年9月操作至今，BOD之去除率為2.4%~98.8%，平均為49.7%，最大污染去除量為52.4kg BOD/day；NH3-N之去除率為1.2%~68.0%，平均為38.8%，最大污染去除量為22.2kg NH3-N/day；SS之去除率為16.0%~99.0%，平均為63.0%，最大污染去除量為438.4kg SS/day。本場址懸浮固體物之去除成效，與國內其他人工濕地場址相較，為表現較佳之場址，可能為本場址水力停留時間接近2天，為去除懸浮固體物之適當水力停留時間；此外，適當之植生密度亦可避免植生根部碎屑增加水中SS濃度。
並列摘要
The Putiz River is one of the 21 main rivers of Taiwan. With high population density along in Putiz River watershed there are high quantities of pollutants discharged into the river and there are amount of pollutants flowing into it and deteriorating the water quality. Constructed wetland is used temporarily to solve this problem before the construction of municipal sewer system. The purpose of this study is to estimate the pollution removal efficiency of the constructed wetland on the purifying performance of constructed wetland on water quality of the Putiz River. It is well-known that constructed wetland can remove pollutants through coagulation, sedimentation, and adsorption. The contribution of oxygen from water plants is also an important factor. The constructed wetland (near Chung Yang Industrial Park) was set up in July 2004 and was operated since September 2004. Three kinds of plants were cultivated in the constructed wetland. They were Ludwigia X taiwanensis Peng, water cabbage and water celery. The concentrations of BOD, NH3-N and SS in the influent were in the range of 2.4-33.7 mg/L, 0.06-30.1 mg/L and 5.0-240 mg/L. Water celery grew well under this condition however Eichhornia crassipes Salms-Laub could not developed as well as water celery did. The efficiency of removal of BOD was 2.4%-98.8% with an average of 49.7%. The maximum amount of BOD removed was 52.4 Kg/day. For NH3-N, the efficiency of removal was 1.2%-68.0% with an average of 38.8% and maximum daily amount of 22.2 Kg. The efficiency of SS removal was within 16.0%-99.0% with an average of 63.0% and maximum daily amount of 438.4 Kg. Our constructed wetland has better performance in removing SS than that of other constructed wetlands in Taiwan. It may be due to the long retention time (about 2 days), used in our constructed wetland. It was also found that suitable plants cultivation was also an important effect to enhance the removal of SS.