- 期刊
成型方式對聚苯乙烯系木材塑膠複合材料性質之影響
Effects of Molding Processes on the Properties of Polystyrene-based Wood-Plastic Composites
摘要
本研究利用杉木粒片、丙烯腈－二烯－苯乙烯共聚合物（Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene，ABS）以及回收型聚苯乙烯（Recycled polystyrene，rPS）為材料，透過熱壓成型及射出成型二種方式製備不同ABS 及rPS比例之聚苯乙烯系木材塑膠複合材料（Wood plastic composite，WPC），並利用萬能強度試驗機及動態機械分析儀（Dynamic mechanical analyzer，DMA）等儀器，探討其對複合材料物理機械及黏彈性質之影響。試驗結果顯示，不同ABS及rPS配比對WPC之含水率無顯著影響，但射出成型複合材料之含水率較熱壓成型者為低。另外，機械性質方面，添加杉木粒片能有效提高ABS及rPS之抗彎及抗拉彈性模數，但會降低其破壞伸長率。再者，熱壓成型複合材之抗彎及抗拉強度均隨rPS比例提高而降低，至rPS含量達30%後則無顯著差異；而射出成型複合材料之抗彎及抗拉性質均較熱壓成型者佳。至於衝擊強度方面，添加木粒片會降低純ABS之衝擊強度，對rPS則無顯著影響。此外，DMA之試驗結果顯示，複合材料之儲存模數均較純塑膠材料為高。然而，射出成型複合材之玻璃轉移溫度（Glass transition temperature，T_g）較純塑膠材料為低；相對的，熱壓成型者則與純塑膠材料相似。
並列摘要
In this study, China fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) particles, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), and recycled polystyrene (rPS) were used as raw materials to manufacture polystyrene-based wood-plastic composite (WPC) by hot compression molding and injection molding. Effects of ABS/rPS ratio and molding process on the physicomechanical and viscoelastic properties of WPC were evaluated by universal testing machine and dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA). The experimental results showed that the ABS/rPS ratio has no significant effect on the moisture content of WPC. However, the moisture content of WPC manufactured by injection molding was lower than that by hot compression molding. In addition, the modulus of elasticity and tensile modulus were significantly enhanced when the ABS and rPS reinforced with China fir particle, but the elongation at break of the composite was reduced. Moreover, the modulus of rupture and tensile strength of WPC manufactured by hot compression molding decreased with increasing the rPS content, while no significant difference was found when the rPS content exceeded 30%. Meanwhile, the flexural and tensile properties of WPC manufactured by injection molding were better than those by hot compression molding. On the other hand, adding the China fir particles into the plastic materials, which reduced the impact strength of ABS, but had no significant effect on rPS. According to the results of the DMA, the storage modulus of WPC was higher than that of neat ABS and neat rPS. However, the glass transition temperature (T_g) of injection-molded WPC was lower than that of neat plastic materials. In contrast, the T_g of compression-molded WPC was similar to the neat plastic materials.