人工林疏伐集材作業影響因子重要度分析與標準工作量訂定

本研究以行政院農業委員會林務局6個林區管理處柳杉、杉木、香杉、台灣杉、紅檜人工林等共10個作業地為對象，進行疏伐作業之集材作業之工作研究，探討各作業單元之作業時間及分配比例，由於作業條件不同，以每迴次集材為單位，其平均作業時間為373～1,464 sec，平均為673 sec，其中準備收拾所佔比例為13.9～38.4%，平均20.3%，實際作業所佔之比例為36.4～72.5%，平均59.1%，寬裕所佔之比例為6.6～29.6%，平均20.6%。作業效率方面，各作業地之日平均工作量為1.70～8.34 m^3/man/day；其中行列疏伐集材平均工作量為4.68 m^3/man/day，下層疏伐為3.32m^3/man/day。藉由迴歸分析及「不連續差數重要度指數原則」得知影響集材作業各因子之重要度（相對權重）以「平均疏伐單木材積」及「平均每公頃疏伐材積」為最重要因子，其餘依次為「每公頃蓄積量」、「集材距離」。另根據平均日工作量及重要度分析結果可求得疏伐作業集材之日標準工作量方程式。並以邏輯函數撰寫「集材作業日標準工作量」試算表，以供林分經營管理規劃人員查價估算之參考。

關鍵字

作業效率；標準工作量；疏伐；集材作業

並列摘要

This study was undertaken in the ten plantations sites of six forest district offices for Taiwan Forestry Bureau, Council of Agriculture. The work study for the yarding operation of thinning was applied to investigate the operational time and percentage of work unit. The average operational time for each yarding cycle was 373-1,464 sec (673 sec on the average), the proportions for preparation-packing, practical operation, and the allowance were 20.3%, 59.1%, and 20.6% respectively. The average productivity was in the range of 1.70-8.34 m^3/man/day and the operational productivity for the row thinning was 4.68 m^3/man/day and 3.32 m^3/man/day for the thinning from below. On the other hand, by regression analysis and ＂principle of discontinuous difference for weight index＂, the weights of factors affecting yarding operation were estimated. The most important factors were ＂average volume of single tree＂ and ＂thinning volume per hectare＂. The other factors ＂timber stock＂ and ＂yarding distance＂ were in desending order. The standard productivity formula was obtained by the average productivity and factors weight indices. The ＂standard productivity of yarding operation＂ spreadsheet was made for the reference of forest managenement personals.

並列關鍵字

Operational efficiency ； Standard productivity ； Thinning operation ； Yarding operation

國際替代計量

人工林疏伐集材作業影響因子重要度分析與標準工作量訂定

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