- 期刊
沉香樹木之真菌相調查
Inventory of Fungal Communities in Agarwood Trees (Aquilaria sinensis)
摘要
沉香是指沉香屬植物中特定具有芳香氣味樹種的木材，自古以來在醫學保健及香水工業中，使用沉香的情況相當普遍，對於製香和產沉香木方面也在主要宗教和亞洲文化扮演著重要的角色；由於沉香的高經濟價值，野外天然沉香早已被開發利用，該樹種已被國際自然保護聯盟列為瀕臨絕種植物。迄今為止，仍無法透過人工誘導方式在種植之樹木中產生可預測數量和質量的沉香。本研究旨在透過生物條碼定序調查和剖析沉香樹木和鄰近土壤中的真菌群落。分類結果可鑑別出3,752個操作分類單元（operational taxonomic units, OTUs），分別屬於7門，28綱，104目，265科，868屬。此外Clitopilus、Cryptococcus、Gliocephalotrichum、Staphylotrichum、Tulasnella及Fusarium六屬建議可作為人工誘導沉香結香的潛力菌群，如這些真菌能被分離且接菌成功，將會是人工結香技術的一大突破，未來即可廣泛推廣沉香樹木大面積造林，不僅兼顧瀕危樹種保護，還可為林農增加收益。
並列摘要
Agarwood generally refers to the wood of a specific tree of the genus Aquilaria that contains fragrant resin. The use of agarwood is very common in the medical, health care, and perfume industries. Agarwood also plays an important role in making incense for major religions and Asian cultures. Due to the high economic value of agarwood, the natural populations of Aquilaria sinensis in the wild have been exploited, and the tree has been listed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as an endangered plant. So far, it has not been possible to produce agarwood of predictable quantity and quality by artificial induction in planted trees. This study aims to investigate and analyze the fungal community in agarwood trees and adjacent soil through DNA barcoding. The classification results have identified 3,752 operational taxonomic units (OTUS), belonging to 7 phyla, 28 classes, 104 orders, 265 families, and 868 genera. Furthermore, six genera, including Clitopilus, Cryptococcus, Gliocephalotrichum, Staphylotrichum, Tulasnella, and Fusarium, are suggested for the potential artificial induction of agarwood resin formation. If these fungi can be isolated and successfully inoculated, it has the potential to revolutionize the artificial agarwood technology. This breakthrough would allow for the large-scale promotion of Aquilaria afforestation in the future, which would help protect endangered tree species and provide a source of income for forest farmers.