- 期刊
- OpenAccess
臺灣栽培環境下水稻抽穗期基因型與抽穗日數的關係
Diversity of floral regulatory genes contribute to various heading date of rice cultivars in Taiwan
摘要
抽穗所需生育日數（days to heading, DTH）是水稻重要的育種性狀，為了瞭解臺灣水稻品種在各抽穗期基因所帶有的基因型，並了解這些抽穗期的等位基因在臺灣一期作與二期作環境下對水稻抽穗期的影響。本研究以102個國內外常見水稻品種為材料，分析6個抽穗期基因（HD1、HD6、EHD1、GHD7、RFT1與DTH8）的基因型，並調查該等品種於臺灣一期與二期稻作環境下，自插秧至抽穗之所需生育日數。研究結果發現，抽穗期基因HD1、HD6、EHD1、RFT1與DTH8在參試品種間存在高度的遺傳歧異度。綜合抽穗期基因型與抽穗所需生育日數分析顯示，3個抽穗期基因HD1、HD6與EHD1顯著影響參試稉稻在臺灣栽培環境下的抽穗所需日數，HD1與EHD1可共同解釋參試稉稻在臺灣一期作的69.0%抽穗期變異，而HD1、HD6與EHD1可共同解釋參試稉稻在臺灣二期作的81.3%抽穗期變異；抽穗期基因HD1、DTH8與RFT1則會影響參試秈稻在臺灣栽培環境下的抽穗所需日數，RFT1可解釋參試秈稻在臺灣一期作19.9%的抽穗期變異，而HD1、DTH8與RFT1則可共同解釋參試秈稻在臺灣二期作的54.8%抽穗期變異。綜合以上結果，本研究結果可作為臺灣水稻育種人員在從事育種雜交組合之親本選擇的參考，以擬定育種策略，增加育種效率。現有技術：目前已有多個關於水稻抽穗期相關的基因被選殖，但僅少數抽穗期基因被運用在水稻分子標誌輔助選種當中。創新內容：本研究透過基因型分析，了解國內常見水稻品種在6個抽穗期基因所帶有的基因型差異，並了解這些差異對臺灣秈、稉稻抽穗期之影響。對產業影響：本研究結果有助於提升國內水稻抽穗期相關性狀選拔的育種效率。
並列摘要
Days to heading (DTH) is an important trait in rice breeding program. In order to understand how rice genetic diversity affects variation of heading date in Taiwan, we investigated the days to heading of 102 accessions in two cropping seasons, and the genetic diversity of 6 genes, HD1, HD6, EHD1, GHD7, RFT1, and DTH8. Our results indicated that the genetic diversity of five genes, HD1, HD6, EHD1, RFT1, and DTH8 was associated with variation of DTH. For japonica accessions, allelic diversity of EHD1, HD6, and HD1 genes resulted in the variation of DTH: the genetic diversity of EHD1 and HD1 explained 69.0% phenotypic variation of DTH in the first cropping season, and the diversity of EHD1, HD6, and HD1 explained 81.3% phenotypic variation of DTH in the second season. For indica accessions, allelic diversity of RFT1, DTH8, and HD1 genes led to the variation of DTH: the genetic diversity of RFT1 explained 19.9% phenotypic variation of DTH in the first cropping season, and the diversity of RFT1, DTH8, and HD1 explained 54.8 % phenotypic variation of DTH in the second season. Our findings provide genetic information and technical protocols to predict DTH in rice based on the allelic combination of these five genes. It allows plant breeders to choose proper genetic materials in a rice breeding project, and hence to increase breeding efficiency. What is already known on this subject? To date, several genes for days to heading (DTH) have been identified from natural variations, but only few genes were applied in rice breeding programs by using marker-assisted selection. What are the new findings? In the current study, we figure out the relationship between the DTH and genetic diversity of 6 floral regulatory genes in our ecological conditions. What is the expected impact on this field? Our finding would be helpful to improve rice breeding efficiency in Taiwan.