大白鷺(Egretta alba)在臺灣首次繁殖紀錄

First Report on the Breeding of Great White Egret (Egretta alba) in Southwestern Taiwan

翁榮炫(Jug- Hsuan Weng) ； 翁義聰(Yih-Tsong Ueng)

《國立臺灣博物館學刊》 58卷1期 (2005/06) Pp. 59-67

摘要

2004年，在台南市鹽水溪口的紅樹林上，第一次確認大白鷺（Egretta alba）的巢及繁殖育雛記錄。本次觀察共記錄2個大白鷺的巢，分別屬於兩對大白鷺所營造：第一巢有3顆蛋，孵化出3隻雛鳥；第二個巢發現時，巢中已有2隻雛鳥。所觀察的兩巢雛鳥於孵出未滿1個月都失蹤，未能成功離巢。繁殖期的羽色，背部長有簑狀飾羽、嘴喙黑色、眼先藍綠色、腿下半部沒羽毛覆蓋的皮膚紅色。繁殖前期求偶時的婚姻色，眼睛虹膜從平常的黃色變為紅色。婚姻色在進入築巢下蛋時褪去，虹膜變回原來的黃色，腿部為黑色中有些暗紅色。繁殖末期，親鳥的嘴從全黑色褪換成半黑半黃、再漸褪換成冬天的黃色。剛孵化的大白鷺雛鳥全身絨毛白色，嘴黃黑色，嘴裂至眼睛下後方，皮膚黑綠色。

關鍵字

大白鷺 ； 繁殖 ； 臺灣

並列摘要

This study of the breeding record of the Great White Egret, Egretta alba, conducted along the southwestern coast of Taiwan between March and August 2004, is the first such study in Taiwan. In addition to observation of 5 young birds from 2 nests of the Yanshuei River colonies of Tainan City, we also compare the morphological changes of the breeding parents and the young birds. The Great White Egret is a large white long-necked bird with a heavy yellow bill, and blackish legs and feet. During pre-breeding, the bird exhibits white plumage on the back and fore-neck. As the egrets approach breeding conditions, the lores (skin by the eye) turn from yellow to lime-green, the bill becomes dark, and the normally yellow iris turns red. During the post-breeding molt the display plumes are lost.

並列關鍵字

Great White Egret ； Egretta alba ； breeding, Taiwan