臺灣墨玉礦物學研究

Mineralogical Study of Taiwan Black Jade

方建能(Jiann-Neng Fang) ； 陳衍豪(Yun-Chie Chen) ； 劉德慶(Teh-Ching Liu) ； 陳惠芬(Huei-Fen Chen)

《國立臺灣博物館學刊》 69卷1期 (2016/03) Pp. 17-30

https://doi.org/10.6532/JNTM.2016.69(1).03

摘要

臺灣墨玉是臺灣近年開發的新品種寶石礦產，主要由蛇紋石類礦物（葉蛇紋石）所組成，與由透閃石－陽起石礦物所組成的閃玉與由含鈉的輝石類礦物所組成的輝玉不同；但與著名的中國岫岩玉類似。本研究蒐集臺灣墨玉與中國岫岩玉標本進行礦物學檢測分析，以了解兩者的礦物性質差異。研究結果發現臺灣墨玉除有葉蛇紋石外，另含有多量包括磁鐵礦、赤鐵礦、鉻鐵礦等不透光礦物，及其他少量的纖蛇紋石、鎂橄欖石及白雲石等礦物。由於臺灣墨玉的鉻鐵礦中氧化鋁含量較其他地區高、氧化鉻含量較其他地區低，此特性可將臺灣墨玉與中國各地區的蛇紋石玉作區別。

關鍵字

臺灣墨玉 ； 葉蛇紋石 ； 磁鐵礦 ； 鉻鐵礦

並列摘要

Taiwan black jade is a newly developed gem product from Taiwan. It is mainly composed of serpentinite minerals (antigorite), making it different from nephrite jade (tremolite-actinolite) minerals and jadeite (pyroxene) minerals; however, it is similar to the Xiuyan jade of China. Taiwan black jade and Xinyan jade samples were collected to analyze their mineral contents in this study to further our understanding of the difference in these rock types. The research discovers Taiwan black jade having antigorite, magnetite, hematite, chromite, and other opaques as major minerals, and lizardite, forsterite, dolomite. Chromites in Taiwan black jade have higher aluminum and lower chromium than other those of China regions. This feature can be used to differentiate Taiwan black jade from China serpentinite jade.

並列關鍵字

Taiwan black jade ； antigorite ； magnetite ； chromite

參考文獻

方建能(2010)。寶石級的蛇紋石玉─岫岩玉。地質。29(3)，57-58。

方建能、陳韻婕、余炳盛、曾保忠(2012)。臺灣蛇紋石玉。臺灣鑛業。6(3)，1-8。

王時麒、趙潮洪、于洸、員雪梅、段體玉(2007)。中國岫岩玉。科學出版社。

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