- 期刊
以噴霧乾燥法製備速溶仙草加工技術研究
Study on the Techniques of Spray Dry Instant Hsian-Tsao
摘要
為明瞭何種物質可作為以噴霧乾燥法製備速溶仙草時適當進料載体之選擇，本研究以麥芽糊精、環狀糊精、甘薯澱粉、小麥澱粉、綠豆澱粉、CMC等八種材料，探討其對仙草萃取液黏度、凝膠強度等之影響，並尋找最佳之噴霧乾燥條件。研究結果顯示濃度12.0 ˚Brix以下之仙草萃取液於水中之擴散性良好，高於12˚ Brix者有自然輕微凝膠形成，仙草萃取液在pH 5.0以上有正常之凝膠，低的pH值（2.0－4.0間）對仙草凝膠之形成有抑制作用，可利用為噴霧乾燥時防止添加澱粉載體時的自然凝膠發生。仙草萃取液加熱前添加糊精，其濃度與所造成之粘度成正比。2%以上糊精添加量已有細絲狀凝膠發生，加熱糊化會提高各種澱粉對仙草萃取液（12˚ Brix）凝凍的形成率。3%以下濃度之甲基纖維素在加熱前後，對仙草萃取液凝凍之形成率在10%以下。以3.0 ˚Brix之前仙草萃取液，20、40、60 ml/min之進料流速，於260˚C之噴霧乾燥器釜溫下進行噴霧乾燥，其收量依次為1.51%、1.44%與0.74%，顯示愈高仙草萃取液進料流速之噴霧乾燥收量愈低。對3.0 ˚Brix仙草萃取液濃度、25 ml/min流速，以200˚C之釜溫有最高之乾物收量（2.410%），次為175˚C（2.187%）等處理。以12.0 ˚Brix之仙草萃取液、10－12 ml/min之進料流速，在140˚C與200˚C釜溫下，皆無法得到任何收量。
關鍵字
無資料並列摘要
For the purpose of selecting suitable carriers of spray dry instant hsian-tsao. Maltodextrin, cyclodextrin, potato starch, wheat starch, greenbean starch and carboxyl methyl cellulose were used in this study for test which were the best carrier in the hsian-tsao spray dry procedure. Meanwhile the best conditions of spray dry instant hsian-tsao were studied in the experiment also.The results indicated that if the total solid soluble contents of hsian-tsao extract was below 12.0˚ Brix, the extract diffused well in the water. If the pH value was beyond 5.0, it showed a normal gel formation. Low pH value range between 2.0-4.0 restrained the gel formation of hsian-tsao.The more cyclodextrins added into hsian-tsao extract, the larger the viscosity showed. When the amount of cyclodextrin was above two percents resulted in slightly gel formation in the hsian-tsao extract. Heating increased the gel formation when the starches were added into the hsian-tsao extract. Three percents of carboxyl methyl cellulose added into hsian-tsao extract produced less than ten percents gel.The 3.0˚ Brix hsian-tsao extract was spray dried under 20, 40, and 60 ml/min inlet flow rate at 260˚C inlet temperature. The dry weight of instant hsian-tsao collected from spray dried under 3 inlet flow rates were 1.51%, 1.44% and 0.74% respectively. It indicated that the higher the inlet flow rate of hsian-tsao extract, the fewer dry weight to be collected. Under the same conditions of 3.0˚ Brix hsian-tsao extract with 25 ml/min inlet flow rate, the 200˚C chamber temperature treatment showed the higest dry weight collection followed by the treatment of 175˚C. If the concentration of hsian-tsao extract was above 12˚ Brix, treated with 10-12 ml/min inlet flow rates and subjected to 140˚C and 200˚C chamber temperatures, resulted in no yield of instant hsian-tsao.