- 期刊
高雄市區交通警察鉛曝露研究
Lead Exposure in Kaohsiung Traffic Policemen
摘要
交通警察執勤時，無可避免地曝露在大量的含鉛汽機車排於癈氣之中，本研究利用血中鉛、一氧化碳血紅素、δALA去氫酶(δALA-D)值與尿中鉛、尿棕色素含量等為指標，檢查高雄市區98位執勤交通警察，並且與某學院一年級學生118人作對照研究。結果發現交通警察血中鉛含量平均值為24.43±5.31μg/dl，血中一氧化碳血紅素平均為3.48±1.42﹪，尿中鉛平均值為69.57±16.99μg/1，對照組血中鉛、血中一氧化碳血紅素及尿中鉛平均值分別為20.14±5.07μg/dl，2.75±1.42﹪，39.89±17.00μg/1。統計學上，交通警察職業性鉛曝露之各項生化反應值均與對照組有明顥差異。直線迴歸分析卻發現交通警察血中鉛含量與服務年資呈現負相關(R=-0.2447，p＜0.05)。交通警察鉛曝露與各項生化反應值及其他相關因素在本文中有詳細之討論。
關鍵字
無資料並列摘要
In this recent century there has been increasing concern over the possible harmful effects of lead from automobile exhaust on human health. Traffic policemen are heavily exposed to automobile exhaust. In Kaohsung city because of the increasing number of motor vehicles due to rapid urbanization and heavy traffic transportation from suburbs for export trade,traffic policemen have varied exposure experiences. The automobile exhaust of lead additive gasoline was found to be the major type of exposure for traffic policemen whose duties were in the city, while those who worked in the suburb areas were generally exposed to diesel oil exhaust gas. In this study 98traffic policemen were studied with 118 students used as a control group. Subjects were evaluated for lead absorption and other metabolic effects. The average value of blood lead for traffic police men(24.43±5.31μg/d1) in the city of Kaohsiung was significantly (p＜0.01) Higher than for the control group (20.14±5.07μg/d1). According to other bioindicators it was also found that the mean values of carboxyhemoglobin, urine lead and urine coproporphyrin were significantly higher in the traffic policemen group. Linear regression between blood lead and the duration of employment was also found in this study (R=-0.2447,p＜0.05).The most reasonable explanations for these findings are the effects of lead emisson from motor vehicles and the employment shifiting system that cause this effect.