- 期刊
在台灣中國人的齒科人類學的分析研究(2)牙冠近遠心徑、齒列弓幅徑及形態部分
A Dental Anthropological Study of Chinese in Taiwan (2) Teeth Size, Dental Arch Dimensions and Forms
摘要
為瞭解住在台灣的中國人其牙齒的大小，齒列弓幅徑及形態，為齒科人類學上的特微，以期能對兒童牙科，齒顎矯正科之臨床及齒科基礎醫學能有所貢獻，抽取12歲學童男女各30名共60名，可接受為正常咬合之上下顎齒列模型，測量其上下顎(1)左側正中門牙到第一大臼齒共計12顆恆牙之牙冠近遠心徑，(2)齒列弓寬徑、長徑及齒槽基底寬徑、長徑，(3)齒列弓之形態，以上資料經統計分析作t-test檢定，並與諸學者對日本人、北美白人、中美及南美印第安人人種的研究結果作檢討得知；(1)男女性恆牙的近遠心徑無明顯差異，但男性上顎第大臼齒比女性者大，下顎正中門牙比女性者小；(2)男性的齒列弓幅徑比女性者為大，尤以齒槽基底寬徑及長徑最顯著；(3)國人男子的牙齒近遠心徑比其他四人種者為小，特別是國人的上顎犬齒，下顎正中門牙及第一大臼齒最小。國人女子的下顎第一大臼齒比中美及南美印第安人者為小，但上顎第一小臼齒，下顎犬齒，正中門牙比日本人者還大。上顎側門牙則比南美印第安人者為大。與北美白人相比，國人女子的上顎正中門牙較小，而上顎第一小臼較大；(4)國人與日本人、中美及南美印第安人的齒列寬徑及長徑都極相似。但中美印第安人之齒列弓長徑比國人者長，南美印第安人之齒列弓寬、長徑則比國人者更長；(5)檢討四種人種的齒列弓形態的重疊影像，可發現四種蒙古人種的齒列弓形態都極為酷似，呈現弧度較大的橢圓形。
關鍵字
無資料並列摘要
Both upper and lower dental study models were collected from 30 boys (12 years old) and 30 girls (12 years old) with acceptable normal occlusion to understand the characteristics of the crown size, dental arch width and length such as (1) mesiodistal diameters of crown size from central incisor to first molar, (2) the width and length of dental arch and basal arch and (3) the morphology of dental arch form. After statistical analysis, data were compared with Japanese, Central and South American Indians and North American Caucasians from papers. The results were: (1) There was no statistical difference in teeth size between males and females, except the upper first molar of males was larger than that of females, lower central incisor of males was smaller than that of females. (2) The dimensions of dental arch of males were larger than that of females in general, especially such items as width and length of basal arch. (3) The crown size of Chinese male was in generally smaller than that of four other races, especially the upper canine, lower central incisor and first molar. The crown size of Chinese females showed that although the lower first molar was smaller than that of Central and South American Indians, but the upper first premolar, lower canine and central incisor were larger than that of Japanese. Upper lateral incisor was larger than that of South American Indians. Compared to that of North American Caucasians, Chinese females had a smaller upper central incisor and a larger upper first premolar. (4) The dimensions of dental arch in Chinese were very similar to Japanese, South and Central American Indians, but wider and shorter than Central and South American Indians. (5) The superimposition of dental arch form showed that the four races of Mongoloids had similar ovoid dental arch forms.