水稻深水灌溉最佳田埂高度之決定

Determination of Optimal Height of Weir for Deep Ponding Paddy Field

陳敬文(Ching-Wen Chen) ； 黃浩烈(Hau-Lieh Huang) ； 徐年盛(Nien-Sheng Hsu)

《農業工程學報》 59卷2期 (2013/06) Pp. 65-81

https://doi.org/10.29974/JTAE.201306_59(2).0004

摘要

本研究之目的在建立一深水灌溉田埂高度優選模式，在考量水稻田由傳統灌溉轉為深水灌溉所增加之效益與成本下，訂出深水灌溉最適合之田埂高度與起灌水深打折係數。模式中考慮之效益包括增加稻米產量、充分利用有效雨量、調洪蓄水、補注地下水源以及減少勞力成本，成本則包含田埂加高工程及增加之農業灌溉用水成本。本研究首先根據所收集之資料量化傳統灌溉轉為深水灌溉之各項效益與成本後，將各成本係數代入所建立之深水灌溉田埂高度優選模式中，再利用遺傳演算法求解最佳水稻田埂高度與起灌水深打折係數。本研究選定台南市新化區之田區作為示範場址，將深水灌溉最佳田埂高度優選模式應用於該田區。計算結果顯示田埂高度為27.7公分以及起灌水深打折係數為0.0093時，目標函數最大之淨效益為74928元。

關鍵字

深水灌溉 ； 田埂高度 ； 起灌水深 ； 優選模式 ； 遺傳演算法

並列摘要

This study establishes an optimization model for finding the optimal height of weir in deep ponding cultivation. Considering the extra benefits and costs which transform traditional cultivation to deep ponding paddy field, the study finds the optimal height of weir and re-irrigation depth in deep ponding cultivation. The benefits considering in the optimization model include the improvement of rice quality, the function of floods storage, the utilization of effective rainfall, the groundwater recharge and the reduction of the expenses on management; The costs considering in the optimization model include the expenses on improvement of weir and the expenses of additional irrigation water. The study applies the developed optimization model in Hsin-hwa district, Tainan city to evaluate the optimal height of paddy ridge. Real-coded genetic algorithm (GA) is used to maximize the net benefit to get the optimal height of weir and the depth of re-irrigation in deep ponding cultivation. The results show the optimal height of paddy ridge is 27.7 cm and the depth of re-irrigation is 0.0093. The net benefit of the optimal results is $74,928.

並列關鍵字

Deep Ponding Cultivation ； Height of Weir ； Depth of Re-irrigation ； Optimization Model ； Genetic Algorithm