樹脂縮時膠囊於灌溉水監測上之應用

囿於國土規劃城鄉發展失衡，許多農業地區面臨工業、畜牧及生活等廢水污染的威脅，造成農作物傷害，危及食品安全與人體健康。有鑑於此，本研究以離子交換樹脂為基材，利用樹脂於水中快速及強大的離子交換能力，將該膠囊放置於定點，一段時間後收回並以X-光射線螢光分析儀（XRF）進行樹脂的重金屬含量檢測，即可紀錄自投放至回收這段時間內排放（偷排）至環境水體中之重金屬。本研究分別於現地投放與實驗室中進行樹脂測試。室內實驗以瓶杯試驗機進行實驗，使用四種濃度與轉速進行樹脂對重金屬的吸附試驗，結果顯示，在放流水標準0.1、1、10倍三種濃度下，當轉速達到150 rpm以上，操作1小時可以對鈣與銅可以達到80%上的吸附率。現地實驗於桃園試驗區共使用843個樹脂膠囊，共回收671個陽離子樹脂膠囊，回收率為79.6%。樹脂數據之鍶與鈣之平均比值，其值約為0.01，顯示其在水體中存在著穩定的含量，可以做為水流通過樹脂膠囊之參考依據，將標準化後之Cu／Sr和Zn／Sr等比值作為污染趨勢指標，找出需要較關注點位，並以平均值加2倍標準偏差作為其界定值，可以判斷環境中相對需要關注之污染點位。「樹脂縮時膠囊」的優點是監測成本低廉、效率高、即時連續監測與分析快速等，再者其紀錄污染源排放的敏感度（重金屬濃度）與位置（固定地點）遠高於對水樣與底泥採樣所能反應的現況，是針對提供夜間、假日或間歇性等偷排行為的科學證據採証的一大利器。

關鍵字

離子交換樹脂；重金屬；樹脂縮時膠囊； XRF

並列摘要

As a result of the unbalanced rural and urban planning and development, many farming communities are threatened by waste waters from industrial, livestock, and domestic sources, which have caused damages to agricultural production and endangered food safety and human health. In view of this, in this study, ion exchange resin packs are developed and deployed in the field, using ion exchange resin which has fast and powerful ion exchange capacity in water. After a period of time, the packs are taken back, the amount of heavy metal in the resin packs can be determined by X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF) and then heavy metal in wastewater can be recorded by the resin packs. This study was divided into two parts, the laboratory experiments, jar-tester experiment and the field testing respectively. There were four kinds of concentrations and speeds for resin adsorption tests on heavy metals. The result of jar-test showed that at 0.1, 1, 10 times of effluent standards announced by EPA, when the speed reached above 150 rpm, adsorption rate of Ca and Cu can reach about 80% in 1 hour operating. For in-situ experiment, there were total 843 resin capsules used in the test area in Taoyuan and 671 resin capsules were taken back, the recovery rate was 79.6%. The ratio of Sr and Ca was 0.01 showed that there was stable content in water so that Ca or Sr can be used as a reference for water through the resin capsules and the standardization ratio (Cu/Sr and Zn/Sr) can be the indicator of pollution. We can determine the relative pollution point in the field through the ratio with the average plus 2 times the standard deviation. The advantage of resin capsule is the low cost of monitoring, high efficiency and continuous monitoring. It is a great tool for evidence collection of recording illegal discharge of industrial waste water which include heavy metal.