- 期刊
論日語動詞"wataru"到後置詞的語法化
Grammaticalization of the Verb "Wataru" into Postposition in Japanese
摘要
日語有一類後置詞是由格助詞和中止形（非定式動詞－te形或連用形）而成，其功能如同日語格助詞。後置詞「N ni-watatte」和「N1 kara N2 ni-watatte」含有動詞「wataru」的中止形，表示句子所呈現事件相關的〈場所〉、〈期間〉以及〈範團〉。 本文試圖透過語法化與歷時的觀點，闡明動詞「wataru」到後置詞的變化過程。本文指出：一、後置詞由動詞「wataru」所表示「物理、時間、抽象概念的擴展」和「心理作用」等意義產生；二、隱喻以及帶有歧義的語境所引起重新分析，引發動詞「wataru」到後置詞的意義變化，以致近代（明治至二戰前）後置詞成立；三、後置詞的多義性與兩種形式，皆來自動詞「wataru」本身的多義性及論元結構。
並列摘要
There is a group of postpositions formed by case particles and chūshi forms (non-finite ”-te” forms or ”ren'yō” forms of verbs) in Japanese. The function of these postpositions is similar to the particles in Japanese. Both postpositions ”N ni-watatte” and ”N1 kara N2 ni-watatte” consist of chūshi forms of the verb ”wataru”, which indicate the relevant location, time period and range of an event in a sentence. This article focuses on the explanation of the transformation from the verb ”wataru” to the postposition through the concepts of Grammaticalization and Diachronic. The article presents: 1. The formation of postpositions is due to ”the extension of the physics, the time, and the abstract concepts” and ”the psychological process” of the verb; 2. With the changes of the meanings of reanalysis arisen out of the context with different interpretations and from the verb ”wataru” to postposition caused by metaphor, the concepts of postposition have formed at the period of Meiji to Pre-Second World War; 3. the polysemy and two forms of postpositions come from the polysemy and argument structure of the verb ”wataru” itself.