- 期刊
文字與圖像的活現生動：關於萊辛的《拉奧孔》
The Vividness of Word and Image in Gotthold Ephraim Lessing's Laocoon
摘要
本文將以萊辛（Gotthold Ephraim Lessing）在1766年所出版的重要美學著作《拉奧孔》（Laokoon）為主要文本，探討文字與圖像的關係。討論首先將從萊辛在《拉奧孔》裡以「人為符號」和「自然符號」來區別文字與圖像開始。這樣的區別並不真正將文字與圖像的關係完全切割，而是指向想像力的內在精神活動。而想像力在此受到重視，反映了十八世紀當時的媒介文化背景：文字媒介的廣泛流通與應用，書寫與閱讀的普遍實踐，並由此形成一種穩固的，以文字媒介為主的溝通交流模式。在此環境下，書寫者與閱讀者藉由想像力，使腦海裡浮現生動如真的人物，動作與事件，並進而直接感受認知所要傳達的對象。這樣的溝通模式更促進對文字媒介的反思與超越，並尋求轉化為他者媒介的可能性，展開文本在互媒介性上的考量。因此本文認為，萊辛在《拉奧孔》裡所表達的重點，是在以想像力和相關的內在精神與心靈活動為共同基礎之上，文字與圖像的關係是互媒介的性質，是既認知彼此的差異，也超越各自的界線並互有關聯。
並列摘要
This paper aims to explore the relationship between word and image based on Gotthold Ephraim Lessing's important work on aesthetics Laocoon, published in 1776. The discussions start from that Lessing used two different categories ＂artificial sign＂ and ＂natural sign＂ to differentiate between word and image in Laocoon. However, this differentiation is not meant to define the relationship between word and image as clear-cut, but to point out the power of imagination with its internal activity of spirit or mind. That imagination plays an important role in this context reflects the medial-cultural background in the 18^(th) century: the wide spread und general application of the medium of writing, a well-functioning model of communication based on the universal practice of writing and reading. Under such circumstances, both writers and readers are inclined to make use of imagination to create scenes in mind that vividly depict persons, actions and events as if they were real and present. This serves as the starting point of considering the relationship between word and image as intermedial.