This study aims to determine the economic performance of different Rohu Labeo rohita farming systems (polyculture and monoculture) in three divisions of Myanmar including Ayeyarwady, Yangon and Bago. The survey was carried out through a questionnaire and direct interviews with farmers from 9 polyculture and 7 monoculture farms in different locations. The results of MANOVA showed that there was no significant effect of the culture system and geographical location on the variable costs of Rohu farms; however, significant effects of culture system and geographical location were found on the fixed costs of Rohu farms. According to the principal component analyses, most of monoculture farms had higher input costs and lower profitability variables compared to polyculture farms. This study demonstrated that the polyculture system of Rohu farms was found to have better economic performance in Myanmar.