- 期刊
以塑性黏土模擬鋼板熱軋之非均勻變形
Simulation of Inhomogeneous Deformation in Hot Rolling of Steel Slab Using Plasticine
摘要
在鋼板熱軋製程中，鋼板頭尾端經常產生非均勻變形，而必須切除，造成材料的損失，因此各鋼鐵公司莫不研究此問題，盼能將材料切除損失降至最低。最近有些著名的鋼鐵公司則設計最佳的鋼胚澆鑄形狀（預成形），並透過排程控制使軋出鋼板的形狀接近方形，減少切除量。本文發展以塑性黏土（plasticine）為模型材料進行鋼板熱軋之物理模擬之方法，以研究鋼板頭端與尾端之非均勻變形。又採用非均勻變形之速度場，建立計算懸出量（overhang）及預成形之理論及電算程式。此外又以圓柱鍛粗試驗獲得塑性黏土之機械性質。本研究分別以塑性黏土及縮尺之高溫銅板做輥軋實驗，來模擬實際高溫鋼板熱軋的非均勻變形。實驗結果顯示塑性黏土可用來模擬鋼板熱軋之非均勻變形。預成形及懸出量之理論預測與實驗比較，大致合理。塑性黏土輥軋實驗亦證實經由適當的預成形設計確可減少非均勻變形量。本文所發展的非均勻變形理論及塑性黏土輥軋實驗方法將可實際應用在在輥軋工業，以減少非均勻變形之切除損失。
關鍵字
無資料並列摘要
In the slab rolling processes, irregular inhomogeneous deformation occurs both at the leading and trailing ends of slab. In order to minimize the crop loss and to improve slab yield, the control and planning of rolling schedule and the casting shape (perform) design of the steel ingots have been used in many steel mills. The physical modelling method, using plasticine as a model material, has been developed for the studies of inhomogeneous deformation at the leading and the trailing ends of slabs in hot rolling. A velocity field and a computer program was developed to predict the overhang and to design the perform. The mechanical properties of the plasticine were also obtained by using the upset test. The plasticine specimens and the scaled-down steel slabs at elevated temperature have been used in the hot rolling experiments to simulate the inhomogeneous deformation in full-scale hot rolling of steel slabs. The experimental results show that plasticine can be used to simulate the inhomogeneous deformation in hot rolling of steel slab. The overhang and perform, predicted from the the theory, were compared with experimental results. The experiments also demonstrated that the inhomogeneous deformation can be effectively reduced through an appropriate preform design. The inhomogeneous deformation theory and experimental method developed in this work can be applied to the rolling industry so that the crop loss due to inhomogeneous deformation can be minimized.