電弧爐煉鋼煙塵之產生量、性質與毒性溶出特性

A Study on the Yield, Chemical and Physical Characteristics and TCLP Test of EAF Dust

李宗立(Chung-Lee Li) ； 蔡敏行(Min-Shing Tsai)

《鑛冶：中國鑛冶工程學會會刊》 36卷1期 (1992/03) Pp. 112-122

https://doi.org/10.30069/MM.199203_36(1).0009

摘要

電弧爐煉鋼煙塵因富含重金屬成份且顆粒微細，易造成環境污染，同時具有回收價值，在1970年代以後，逐漸受到重視。因此本研究乃針對煙塵之發生量進行調查，並對煙塵之物性、化性進行研究，同時也進行毒性溶出試驗（TCLP），以瞭解國內電弧爐煉鋼煙塵之特性。研究之結果顯示，國內電弧爐煉鋼煙塵之發生量約6萬噸。主要成份為鐵（15〜17％），鋅（7〜28％）與錳（1.55〜7.65％），取樣13家煙塵中，鋅含量在20％以上者有九家。電弧爐煉鋼煙塵主要之結晶相為氧化鋅與錳鋅鐵氧磁體。由溶出試驗與毒性溶出試驗結果顯示，大多數電弧爐煉鋼煙塵皆超出EP最大容許溶出標準，因此易造成環境之嚴重污染。

並列摘要

EAF (electric arc furnace) dust contains a large amount of heavy metals with extremely fine particle sizes, therefore its pollution to the environment is always a serious problem. On the other hand, the metals contained in EAF dust are economically valuable, especially iron and zinc. Hence, the treatment of EAF dust so as to recover these metals has gained increasing attention after 1970s. In order to understand the characteristics of EAF dust, this study has focused on investigation of the yield and the examination of chemical and physical characteristics the dust. At the same time, the toxicity characteristic of leaching procedure (TCLP) was tested. It is estimated that currently about 60,000 tons of EAF dust is produced in the Republic of China each year. Chemical analysis showed that EAF dust is composed chielfly of Fe (15-37%), Zn (7-28%) and Mn (1.55-7.65%). The zinc content of 9 dust samples from 13 steelmaking factories is over 20%. The principal minerals are ZnO and (Mn, Zn) Fe_2O_4. An examination of the leaching and TCLP tests of EAF dust revealed that most of the EAF dust is beyond the limits set EPA. Obviously, EAF dust can serious cause environmental pollution problems.