- 期刊
盛鋼桶預熱作業改善
Improvement on Preheating Process for Steel Ladle
摘要
盛鋼桶是煉鋼與澆鑄製程中的盛接鋼液用容器，在盛接鋼液前須經預熱作業保持高温避免鋼液倒入盛鋼桶後因溫降過大導致後續作業困擾與成本損失。本研究針對生產部門提高預熱作業效率需求，選擇一預熱台作設備改善試驗並開發一作業預測軟體。設備改善包括加大燃燒器、加裝溫度指示與溫控裝置，開發之全程作業預測軟體則由盛鋼桶升溫動態模擬、盛鋼桶冷卻壁溫預測與鋼液溫降預測三部份組合而成，同時進行現場實驗比較設備改善效果與驗證作業預測軟體準確度。設備改善後試用結果顯示盛鋼桶預熱時間可從改善前12小時縮短至5小時，溫控裝置可獲燃料節約率30〜40%省能效果，整體預熱品質與效果可顯著改善。作業軟體驗證方面，三次升溫動態模擬實驗與預測燃料值平均誤差為6.6%，兩次全程作業實驗結果盛鋼桶内、外壁溫6組數據預測平均誤差分別為2.2%與7.9%；全程預測軟體移轉生產單位試用結果平均預測鋼液溫度誤差為6.5℃，符合現場要求。預熱台設備改善使用情形良好，生產單位已規劃其他預熱台做相似改造計劃中。
關鍵字
無資料並列摘要
A refractory- lined ladle is used to transport the molten steel, and must be properly heated before tapping to avoid large temperature drop of molten steel. To meet the demand of ladle heating process, this work increased the burning capacity, added a temperature control system for a ladle dryer, and developed a semi-theoretical model to simulate the temperature of ladle wall and the temperature drop of molten steel after tapping for the whole ladle cycle. Some in-situ temperature measurement was taken to determine the effect of revamping and to validate the availability of developed model. Operation results of the revamped ladle showed that the required heating time was shortened from 12 to 5 hours, 30-40% fuel saving ratio was achieved because of temperature control measure, and the heating quality of ladle was significantly improved. The averaged deviation between the measured and simulated temperature of ladle walls was found 6.6% for drying simulation only and within 7.9% for the whole cycle simulation. The model has been successfully applied to the in-situ ladle operation. The averaged difference between the measured and simulated temperature of molted steel was found only 6.5℃, which encouraged the similar revamping for the rest ladle dryer.