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台灣礦業的一大問題-廢棄礦坑地盤下陷的安全評估

An Important Issue of Mining Industry in Taiwan: The Subsidence of Abandoned Mines

摘要


台灣的煤礦歷經40多年的開發後,由於經濟條件的不利以及安全的考量下,現均已停止開採。然而這些遺留下來的礦坑坑道與地下空洞卻存在一些潛在的安全問題-地盤下陷。因應現代社會快速的變遷,區域發展的都市計劃以及都市再更新的土地利用問題,地盤下陷的安全評估顯得更為重要。目前國內對這方面題材的研究甚為稀少,或因資料取得不易、或因難以尋得,然而這些廢棄坑道與地下空洞對我們的影響確實存在著。本文即針對國外的經驗,特別是在影響地盤下陷發生機制的因子考量層面來檢討國內現況,希望提出適用於國內因礦坑而造成地表下陷的安全評估方式。

並列摘要


After more than 40 years of coal mining in Taiwan, coal mines were abandoned completely due to deteriorating mining economics and safety concerns. The underground openings such as shafts, adits, working space may cause serious hazards, specifically the ground subsidence. This is a critically important issue as it may affect regional development and city planning. We use the GIS spatial analysis technology and 3D-simulation to reveal the underground configuration of the adits/inclined shafts. Those geo-spatial data can provide advanced geological characterization. We also use a mathematical model of multiple subsidence troughs to evaluate the potential for subsidence in some mining regions.

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