- 期刊
超高強度鋼板產品開發
Development of Ultra-high Strength Steel Plates
摘要
為建立國內超高強度鋼板供應能力，中鋼在DQ製程（Direct-quenching）建置後，全力投入超高強度鋼板開發。超高強度鋼板的強度為1000～2000 MPa，可達台北101大樓所使用的SM570鋼板強度的2到4倍。傳統鋼板由變韌鐵、波來鐵或肥粒鐵所構成，強度無法達到超高強度鋼板的強度需求。改用麻田散鐵組織設計可提供鋼板超高強度，但受限於麻田散鐵硬脆的本質，使其難以應用於也需具備良好韌性要求的耐磨鋼板和機械結構鋼板。本研究針對不同產品之機性需求，開發創新之冶金製程技術，將硬脆的麻田散鐵鋼轉化為兼具超高強度與韌性的耐磨板與機械構造用鋼板。對具備超高硬度需求的PA500H耐磨鋼板，本研究結合合金設計與控制軋延技術，細化軋延時的沃斯田鐵組織，利用DQ製程對於冷卻路徑的精準控制，使鋼板中的麻田散鐵能利用完冷後的餘溫實現自回火，減少能源消耗，產出強韌兼備的PA500H耐磨板。針對韌性需求更加嚴苛之PA400H、AR400F耐磨鋼板，通過熱軋集合組織控制，進一步提高鋼板韌性。在高成形性AR400F耐磨板開發，更整合介在物控制技術，減少鋼材中的破裂源，提高鋼板的延伸率，符合嚴格的機械性能規範。另外，透過計算冶金，結合實驗室麻田散鐵高溫回火研究，分析回火溫度及時間對厚、薄鋼板強度與韌性的影響效應，建立完整之回火資料庫，成功開發S690Q、PZ780T、ASTM A514 Gr.S、S890QL等系列超高強度機械構造用鋼板。本研究透過合金設計、控制軋延、集合組織控制技術以及DQ製程的應用，成功開發出強韌性兼備之超高強度鋼板，落實於民生、機械、國防產業，為國內產業鏈升級奠定堅實的基礎。
並列摘要
To bolster domestic production of ultra-high-strength steel plates, CSC (China Steel Corporation) focused on developing these after implementing the Direct Quenching (DQ) equipment. The strength of ultra-high-strength steel plates can reach 1000 to 2000 MPa, which is 2 to 4 times to the strength of the SM570 steel plates used in Taipei 101. Conventional steel plates, composed of bainite, pearlite, or ferrite, fail to meet the strength requirements of ultrahigh- strength steel plates. While utilizing martensitic microstructures can offer these plates exceptional strength, their inherent brittleness makes them unsuitable for applications requiring toughness simultaneously, such as abrasion-resistant steel plates and structural steel plates. In this study, several innovative strategies were developed to meet the mechanical requirements of various products. The goal is to transform the brittle nature of martensitic steel into abrasion-resistant plates and structural steel plates that possess both ultra-high strength and toughness. This research combined alloy design and controlled rolling processes to refine the microstructure during rolling. Precise cooling control through the DQ process enabled martensite to self-temper by the remaining heat after cooling, thus reducing the energy usage to produce PA500H abrasion-resistant plates with both strength and toughness. For steels required higher toughness like PA400H and AR400F abrasion-resistant steel plates, the control of the hot rolled texture by rolling techniques was used to enhance the toughness. Inclusion control processes were integrated into the AR400F manufacturing process to improve the elongation for higher requirement of formability. Computational metallurgy and experiments were carried out to analyze the tempering effects on steel plates, for the establishment of a comprehensive tempering database. This effort successfully developed a series of ultra-high-strength structural steel plates, including S690Q, PZ780T, ASTM A514 Gr.S, and S890QL. By integration of alloy design, controlled rolling, texture control, and the DQ process, the ultra-high-strength steel plates that combine strength and toughness were developed successfully. These advancements are beneficial across civilian, machinery, and defense industries, laying a robust foundation for the domestic industry.