- 期刊
從含鎢合金製備高純度氧化鎢之新方法
A Novel Method for the Preparation of High-Purity Tungsten Oxide from Tungsten-containing Materials
摘要
含鎢合金因為具高熔點與高硬度的材料特性，是焊接、切削、鍍膜等領域不可或缺的工業材料，其中鎢鋼硬質合金便占鎢整體使用量的65%。傳統鎢鋼硬質合金的回收流程，多半先將其轉化為仲鎢酸銨（Ammonium ParaTungstate, APT, (NH_4)_(10)(H_2W_(12)O_(42)) nH_2O）前驅物，經過至少五步驟的分離與純化程序（包含：高溫氧化、化學消化、離子交換／溶劑萃取、乾燥結晶），最終以煅燒熱分解銨鹽後，才能得到高純度氧化鎢之原料，回到鎢工業的循環當中。本篇研究藉由陽極氧化原理，將含鎢合金作為電極，首次開發一新穎電化學回收流程，以簡易步驟之分離與純化技術，製備高純度氧化鎢。實驗結果顯示：在酸性電解液中，隨著電解質濃度與施加功率的增高，導致鎢合金陽極氧化膜之擊穿（breakdown），而分離氧化鎢與粘結劑。此一電解新製程所得之產物，經SEM-EDX、XRD、ICP-MS等分析，獲得粒徑均勻（約一微米）之花狀氧化鎢最終產物，且純度達99.9 %（3N）以上，達到鎢工業原料之規格需求。相較於傳統APT化學回收流程而言，具有大幅減少溶劑與能源消耗的優勢，符合金屬產業在低碳永續的未來發展。
並列摘要
Tungsten alloys, due to their high melting point and hardness, are essential industrial materials for applications such as welding, cutting, and coating. Tungsten steel hard alloys account for 65% of the total tungsten usage. However, the conventional recycling process typically involves the conversion of tungsten alloys into ammonium paratungstate (APT) precursor. This process requires at least five separation and purification steps, including high-temperature oxidation, chemical digestion, ion exchange, solvent extraction, and drying and crystallization. The final product, high-purity tungsten oxide, is obtained only after thermal decomposition of the ammonium salt. In this study, a novel and simple separation and purification technology was introduced for the first time, which utilizes the anodic oxidation principle to prepare high-purity tungsten oxide as a terminal raw material from tungsten alloys. Experimental results showed that with the increase of power and acidic electrolyte concentration, the breakdown of the anodic oxidation film could be induced, leading to improved separation efficiency between tungsten oxide and impurities. The final product was identified as a one-micron- sized flower-shaped tungsten oxide with a purity of 99.9% (3N) by SEM-EDX, XRD, and ICP-MS analysis. This method significantly reduces solvent and energy consumption compared to the traditional APT chemical recovery process, which aligns with the trend of low-carbon sustainable development in the future metal industry.