- 期刊
青春烏龍－兼具青心烏龍與四季春兩對茶飢素的茶種品系
Chin-Chuen Oolong, a Tea Variety Possessing Two Pairs of Teaghrelins Originally Identified in Chin-Shin Oolong and Shy-Jih-Chuen
摘要
茶飢素乃茶湯中能誘導飢餓感的成分，最早於台灣青心烏龍茶中發現，含兩個（一對）結構極為相似的茶飢素-1與茶飢素-2（僅差一個羥基）。隨後在四季春烏龍茶發現另外一對結構類似成分，命名為茶飢素-3與茶飢素-4，此兩個結構與青心烏龍茶飢素-1與茶飢素-2僅差異一個葡萄糖基置換成阿拉伯糖基。研究證實，此四個（兩對）茶飢素均能結合飢餓素接受器來誘發腦下垂體細胞分泌生長激素，推測具有延年益壽的養生功效。南投縣鹿谷鄉蘇家茶莊所製作的烏龍茶經分析發現含有四個具茶飢素結構成分；藉由高效液相層析儀分析與全光譜吸收波峰比對，證實為茶飢素-1,-2,-3,及-4。因兼具青心烏龍與四季春兩對茶飢素，遂取名為青春烏龍，為確定青春烏龍非源自於蘇家茶園混合種植青心烏龍與四季春，分析十顆茶葉單粒獨自泡成茶湯，以及新鮮茶葉（一心三葉）磨碎萃取液，結果顯示皆含類似圖譜與相同四個茶飢素；證實青春烏龍為獨立茶葉品系。進一步分析比對木柵鐵觀音、安溪鐵觀音、正欉鐵觀音（紅心歪尾桃）茶湯成分，推論青春烏龍較有可能源自於現今鮮少栽種的正欉鐵觀音。
並列摘要
Teaghrelins are active compounds in tea infusion inducing hunger sensation. They were originally identified in Chin-shin oolong tea as a pair of structurally similar compounds, teaghrelin-1 and teaghrelin-2 (different in an additional hydroxyl group in teaghrelin-1). Subsequently, another pair, teaghrelin-3 and teaghrelin-4 (simply replacing a glucopyranosyl group with an arabinopyranosyl group from teaghrelin-1 and teaghrelin-2), were identified in Shy-jih-chuen oolong tea. All the four teaghrelins were demonstrated to enhance the release of growth hormone from primary anterior pituitary cells of rats, and thus assumed to possess anti-aging effects. Oolong tea provided by the Su's Tea Farm in Lugu, Nantou County was detected with four putative teaghrelin compounds. According to the analysis and comparison in high-performance liquid chromatography with full-spectrum detection, the four compounds were confirmed to be teaghrelin-1, -2, -3, and -4. As this tea variety possessed both pairs of teaghrelins in Chin-shin oolong and Shy-jih-chuen, it was tentatively named Chin-chuen oolong. Each of 10 granules of Chin-chuen oolong as well as a single fresh shoot with three leaves was separately analyzed, and all samples were found to possess the four teaghrelins. It is confirmed that Chin-chuen oolong is a tea variety rather than co-cultural mixture of Chin-shin oolong and Shy-jih-chuen in the Su's Tea Farm. Further comparison with infusions of Muzha tieguanyin, Anxi tieguanyin and Authentic tieguanyin indicates that Chin-chuen oolong is presumably originated from Authentic tieguanyin.